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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Méndez, María Andreína author Zuluaga Arias, María del Pilar author Hornero, Roberto author Gómez, Carlos author Escudero, Javier author Rodríguez Palancas, Alfonso author Ortiz, Tomás author Fernández Lucas, Alberto Amable author 2012-05 Magnetoencephalography (MEG) allows the real-time recording of neural activity and oscillatory activity in distributed neural networks. We applied a non-linear complexity analysis to resting-state neural activity as measured using whole-head MEG. Recordings were obtained from 20 unmedicated patients with major depressive disorder and 19 matched healthy controls. Subsequently, after 6 months of pharmacological treatment with the antidepressant mirtazapine 30 mg/day, patients received a second MEG scan. A measure of the complexity of neural signals, the Lempel–Ziv Complexity (LZC), was derived from the MEG time series. We found that depressed patients showed higher pre-treatment complexity values compared with controls, and that complexity values decreased after 6 months of effective pharmacological treatment, although this effect was statistically significant only in younger patients. The main treatment effect was to recover the tendency observed in controls of a positive correlation between age and complexity values. Importantly, the reduction of complexity with treatment correlated with the degree of clinical symptom remission. We suggest that LZC, a formal measure of neural activity complexity, is sensitive to the dynamic physiological changes observed in depression and may potentially offer an objective marker of depression and its remission after treatment. Méndez, M. A., Zuluaga Arias, M. P., Hornero, R. et al. «Complexity Analysis of Spontaneous Brain Activity: Effects of Depression and Antidepressant Treatment». Journal of Psychopharmacology, vol. 26, n.o 5, mayo de 2012, pp. 636-43. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881111408966. 0269-8811 10.1177/0269881111408966 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/44607 https//doi.org/10.1177/0269881111408966 http://www.research.ed.ac.uk/portal/files/10557204/INVE_MEM_2011_114916.pdf http://online.sagepub.com/ http://jop.sagepub.com/content/26/5/636.short Complexity analysis of spontaneous brain activity: Effects of depression and antidepressant treatment