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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Gil De Paz, Armando author Zamorano Calvo, Jaime author Gallego Maestro, Jesús author Domínguez, F. de B. author 2000-09 We have obtained optical (BVR, [O III]ƛ 5007 Å and H_α), near infrared (JHK) imaging and long-slit optical spectroscopy for the Blue Compact Dwarf galaxy Mrk 86 (NGC 2537). In this paper, the first of two, we present optical-near-infrared colors and emission-line fluxes for the currently star-forming regions, intermediate aged starburst and underlying stellar population. We also describe the evolutionary synthesis models used in Paper II. The R and H_α luminosity distributions of the galaxy star-forming regions show maxima at M-R = -9.5^m and L_H_α = 10^37.3 ergs^-l. The underlying stellar population shows an exponential surface brigthness profile with central value, μ_E,0 = 21.5 mag arcsec^-2, and scale, α=0.88 kpc, both measured in the R-band image. In the galaxy outer regions, dominated by this component, no significant color gradients are observed. Finally, a complete set of evolutionary synthesis models have been developed, covering a wide range in metallicity, 1/50 Z_⨀< Z < 2 Z_⨀, and burst strength, 1-10^-4. These models include nebular continuum and recombination and forbidden-line emission. 0365-0138 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/59805 http://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0007267 http://www.aanda.org/ Mapping the star formation history of Mrk 86 - I. Data and models