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00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Miguel Yanes, José María De author Jiménez García, Rodrigo author Miguel Díez, Javier De author Hernández Barrera, Valentín author Carabantes Alarcón, David author Zamorano León, José Javier author Noriega, Concepción author López De Andrés, Ana Isabel author 2022 Background: A description of the trends and outcomes during hospitalization for infective endocarditis (IE) according to sex. (2) Methods: Using Spanish national hospital discharge data (2016–2020), we built Poisson regression models to compare the age-adjusted time trends for the incidence rate. We used propensity score matching (PSM) to compare the clinical characteristics and the in-hospital mortality (IHM) between men and women hospitalized with IE. (3) Results: We identified 10,459 hospitalizations for IE (33.26% women). The incidence of IE remained stable during this five-year period. The age-adjusted incidence of IE was two-fold higher among men vs. women (IRR = 2.08; 95%CI 2.0–2.17). Before PSM, women with IE were significantly older than men (70.25 vs. 66.24 years; p < 0.001) and had lower comorbidity according to the Charlson comorbidity index (mean 1.38 vs. 1.43; p = 0.019). After PSM, the IHM among women admitted for IE remained >3 points higher than that among men (19.52% vs. 15.98%; p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: The incidence of IE was two-fold higher among men than among women. IHM was significantly higher among women after accounting for the potential confounders. Miguel Yanes, J. M., Jiménez García, R., Miguel Díez, J. et al. «Differences in Sex and the Incidence and In-Hospital Mortality among People Admitted for Infective Endocarditis in Spain, 2016–2020». Journal of Clinical Medicine, vol. 11, n.o 22, noviembre de 2022, p. 6847. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226847. 2077-0383 10.3390/jcm11226847 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/72301 https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226847 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/jcm Differences in Sex and the Incidence and In-Hospital Mortality among People Admitted for Infective Endocarditis in Spain, 2016–2020