2026-06-27T15:57:02Zhttps://docta.ucm.es/rest/oai/request

oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/74592023-08-28T19:03:14Zcom_20.500.14352_14col_20.500.14352_15

00925njm 22002777a 4500 dc Moratalla, Ángela author Cotillas Soriano, Salvador author Lacasa, Engracia author Cañizares, Pablo C. author Rodrigo, Manuel A. author Sáez, Cristina author 2021 The inefficiency of conventional biological processes to remove pharmaceutical compounds (PhCs) in wastewater is leading to their accumulation in aquatic environments. These compounds are characterized by high toxicity, high antibiotic activity and low biodegradability, and their presence is causing serious environmental risks. Because much of the PhCs consumed by humans are excreted in the urine, hospital effluents have been considered one of the main routes of entry of PhCs into the environment. In this work, a critical review of the technologies employed for the removal of PhCs in hospital wastewater was carried out. This review provides an overview of the current state of the developed technologies for decreasing the chemical risks associated with the presence of PhCs in hospital wastewater or urine in the last years, including conventional treatments (filtration, adsorption, or biological processes), advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs). 1420-3049 10.3390/molecules26226813 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/7459 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226813 Electrochemical Technologies to Decrease the Chemical Risk of Hospital Wastewater and Urine