Porras Torres, DiegoCirac, J. Ignacio2023-06-202023-06-202006-06-300031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.96.250501https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/52216© 2006 The American Physical Society. We thank J. Bollinger, D. Leibfried, and M. Aguado for interesting discussions. Work supported by CONQUEST, SCALA, and Marie Curie under Contract No. MEIF-2004- 010350.We show that a large number of ions forming a 2D Coulomb crystal provides an almost ideal system for scalable quantum computation and quantum simulation. In particular, the coupling of the internal states to the motion of the ions transverse to the crystal plane allows one to implement two-qubit quantum gates. We analyze in detail the decoherence induced by anharmonic couplings, and show that very high gate fidelities can be achieved with current experimental setups.engjournal articlehttp://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.250501https://journals.aps.orgopen access53Structural phase-transitionsPlasmasGateFidelityComputerFísica (Física)22 Física