Oteiza, LorenaFerruelo, AntonioNín, NicolásArenillas Baquero, MarioPaula, Marta dePandolfi, RacheleMoreno Gutiérrez, LauraHerrero, RaquelGonzález Rodríguez, PalomaPeñuelas, ÓscarPérez Vizcaíno, FranciscoLorente, José Ángel2023-06-162023-06-162021-12-062076-341710.3390/app112311549https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/5068There is a lack of biomarkers of sepsis and the resuscitation status. Our objective was to prove that the serum expression of certain microribonucleic acids (miRNAs) is differentially regulated in sepsis and is sensitive to different resuscitation regimes. Anesthetized pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) received no treatment (n = 15) or intravenous live E. coli (n = 24). The septic animals received 0.9% saline at 4 mL/kg/h (n = 8) (low resuscitation group (LoR)) or 10–17 mL/kg/h (high resuscitation group (HiR)) (n = 8 each group). Blood samples were obtained at the end of the experiment for measurement of seven different miRNAs (RT-qPCR, Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). The serum expression of miR-146a-5p and miR-34a-5p increased significantly in the septic group, and miR-146a-5p was significantly lower in the HiR group than in the LoR group. The toll-like receptor signaling pathway involving 22 target proteins was significantly (adjusted p = 3.87 × 10−4) regulated by these two microRNAs (KEGG). Highly significant (p value = 2.22 × 10−16) protein–protein interactions (STRING) were revealed for these 22 hits. MiR-146a-5p and miR-34a-5p were identified as biomarkers of sepsis, and miRNA146a-5p seemed to be a biomarker of the intensity of the resuscitationengAtribución 3.0 Españahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/journal articlehttps://doi.org/10.3390/app112311549https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/23/11549open access616-089.165Acute illnessAnimal modelBiomarkerCritical illnessBioinformaticsMiRNAPrecision medicineProfilingResuscitationMetabolite target analysisSepsisSystems biologyMedicinaAnestesiología y reanimaciónBiología32 Ciencias Médicas3213.03 Anestesiología24 Ciencias de la Vida