Baratas Díaz, Alfredo2023-06-172023-06-172019-08-240003-276X, ESSN: 1552-491410.1002/ar.24240https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/13476During the early 20th century, a neurobiological research school combining diverse scientific approaches (basic neurohistology, anatomical pathology, neurology, and psychiatry) emerged around the figure of Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852–1934). In the 1920s, a new building was erected and it was to become the major Spanish neurobiological research center. It was an oversized project that, unfortunately, did not facilitate the definitive consolidation of a Spanish neurohistological school. Later, the Civil War and the early years of Franco’s dictatorship brought about the slow decline of this research group. Anat Rec, 00:000–000, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy.engjournal articlehttps://anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ar.24240restricted access612.8(460)Ramón y CajalDisciplesNeurobiological researchFrancoismSpainNeurociencias (Biológicas)2490 Neurociencias