Barreno San Antolín, LucíaSevane Fernández, NataliaValdivia Lara, Edgar GuillermoAlonso Miguel, DanielSuárez Redondo, MaríaAlonso Díez, ÁngelaFiering, StevenBeiss, VeroniqueSteinmetz, Nicole F.Pérez Alenza, María De Los DoloresPeña Fernández, Laura Luisa2024-05-242024-05-242023-09-13Barreno, L.; Sevane, N.; Valdivia, G.; Alonso-Miguel, D.; Suarez-Redondo, M.; Alonso-Diez, A.; Fiering, S.; Beiss, V.; Steinmetz, N.F.; Perez-Alenza, M.D.; et al. Transcriptomics of Canine Inflammatory Mammary Cancer Treated with Empty Cowpea Mosaic Virus Implicates Neutrophils in Anti-Tumor Immunity. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 14034. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/ijms2418140341661-659610.3390/ijms241814034https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/1044322023 Descuento MDPICanine inflammatory mammary cancer (IMC) is a highly aggressive and lethal cancer in dogs serving as a valuable animal model for its human counterpart, inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), both lacking effective therapies. Intratumoral immunotherapy (IT-IT) with empty cowpea mosaic virus (eCPMV) nanoparticles has shown promising results, demonstrating a reduction in tumor size, longer survival rates, and improved quality of life. This study compares the transcriptomic profiles of tumor samples from female dogs with IMC receiving eCPMV IT-IT and medical therapy (MT) versus MT alone. Transcriptomic analyses, gene expression profiles, signaling pathways, and cell type profiling of immune cell populations in samples from four eCPMV-treated dogs with IMC and four dogs with IMC treated with MT were evaluated using NanoString Technologies using a canine immune-oncology panel. Comparative analyses revealed 34 differentially expressed genes between treated and untreated samples. Five genes (CXCL8, S100A9, CCL20, IL6, and PTGS2) involved in neutrophil recruitment and activation were upregulated in the treated samples, linked to the IL17-signaling pathway. Cell type profiling showed a significant increase in neutrophil populations in the tumor microenvironment after eCPMV treatment. These findings highlight the role of neutrophils in the anti-tumor response mediated by eCPMV IT-IT and suggest eCPMV as a novel therapeutic approach for IBC/IMC.engAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/journal article1422-0067https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241814034:37762335https://www.mdpi.com/journal/ijmsopen access636.7.09:616-006Canine mammary cancer modelIntratumor immunotherapyGene expression profileCowpea mosaic virusNeutrophilsTumor microenvironmentVeterinaria3109 Ciencias Veterinarias