Andreu-Ballester, Juan CarlosGalindo-Regal, LorenaCuéllar Del Hoyo, María Del CarmenLópez-Chuliá, FranciscaGarcía-Ballesteros, CarlosFernández-Murga, LeonorLlombart-Cussac, AntonioDomínguez-Márquez, María VictoriaKlasse, P. J.Mostafa, Mai2024-07-172024-07-172024-05-18Andreu-Ballester, Juan Carlos, et al. «A Low Number of Baselines Γδ T Cells Increases the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Post-Vaccination Infection». Vaccines, vol. 12, n.o 5, mayo de 2024, p. 553. www.mdpi.com, https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12050553.2076-393X10.3390/vaccines12050553https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/106814Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is the biggest global health problem in the last hundred years. The efficacy of the vaccine to protect against severe disease is estimated to be 70–95% according to the studies carried out, although there are aspects of the immune response to the vaccine that remain unclear. Methods: Humoral and cellular immunity after the administration of three doses of the Pfizer–BioNTech and Oxford AstraZeneca vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 over one year and the appearance of post-vaccination COVID-19 were studied. SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA antibodies, αβ and γδ T-cell subsets, and their differentiation stages and apoptosis were analyzed. Results: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA antibodies showed a progressive increase throughout the duration of the study. This increase was the greatest after the third dose. The highest levels were observed in subjects who had anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies prior to vaccination. There was an increase in CD4+ αβ, CD8+ γδ and TEM CD8+ γδ T cells, and a decrease in apoptosis in CD4+ CD8+ and CD56+ αβ and γδ T cells. Post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 infection was greater than 60%. The symptoms of COVID-19 were very mild and were related to a γδ T cell deficit, specifically CD8+ TEMRA and CD56+ γδ TEM, as well as lower pre-vaccine apoptosis levels. Conclusions: The results unveil the important role of γδ T cells in SARS-CoV-2-vaccine-mediated protection from the disease.engAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationaljournal articlehttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/5/553open access579.6615.28576.8SARS-CoV-2vaccineantibodiesαβ T cellsγδ T cellsMicrobiología (Farmacia)Parasitología (Farmacia)32 Ciencias Médicas3207.12 Parasitología