Aguilera Correa, John JairoGisbert Garzarán, MiguelMediero Muñoz, AránzazuCarias Calix, R.AJiménez Jiménez, CarlaEsteban, JaimeVallet Regí, María Dulce Nombre2023-06-162023-06-162021-10-131742-706110.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.014https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/4487CRUE-CSIC (Acuerdos Transformativos 2021) RESEARCH ID  S-2443-2016  (Miguel Gisbert Garzarán) ORCID 0000-0001-9815-0354 (Miguel Gisbert Garzarán) RESEARCHER ID M-3378-2014 (María Vallet Regí) ORCID 0000-0002-6104-4889 (María Vallet Regí)Osteomyelitis is an inflammatory process of bone and bone marrow that may even lead topatient death. Even though this disease is mainly caused by Gram-positive organisms, the proportion of bone infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, has significantly increased in recent years. In this work, mesoporous silica nanoparticles have been employed as a platform to engineer a nanomedicine able to eradicate E. coli- related bone infections. For that purpose, the nanoparticles have been loaded with moxifloxacin and further functionalized with Arabic gum and colistin (AG+CO-coated MX-loaded MSNs). The nanosystem demonstrated high affinity toward E. coli biofilm matrix, thanks to AG coating, and marked antibacterial effect because of the bactericidal effect of moxifloxacin and the disaggregating effect of colistin. AG+CO-coated MX-loaded MSNs were able to eradicate the infection developed on a trabecular bone in vitro and showed pronounced antibacterial efficacy in vivo against an osteomyelitis provoked by E. coli. Furthermore, AG+CO-coated MX-loaded MSNs were shown to be essentially non-cytotoxic with only slight effect on cell proliferation and mild hepatotoxicity, which might be attributed to the nature of both antibiotics. In view of these results, these nanoparticles may be considered as a promising treatment for bone infections caused by enterobacteria, such as E. coli, and introduce a general strategy against bone infections based on the implementation of antibiotics with different but complementary activity into a single nanocarrier.engAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Españahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/journal articlehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.014https://www.ucm.es/valletregigroupopen accessosteomyelitisEscherichia colibiofilmnanoparticlesArabic gumcolistinmoxifloxacinMateriales3312 Tecnología de Materiales