Nishikubo, RyosukeKanda , HiroyukiGarcía Benito, InésMolina Ontoria, AgustínPozzi, GianlucaAsiri , Abdullah M.Mohammad Khaja NazeeruddinSaeki , Akinori2025-01-242025-01-242020-07-31Chem. Mater. 2020, 32, 15, 6416–64240897-47561520-500210.1021/acs.chemmater.0c01503https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/116060Bismuth- and antimony-based materials, such as A3M2X9 and AMSX2 (A = cation, M = Bi, Sb, S = sulfur, X = halogen), are promising candidates as the counterpart to lead halide perovskite. However, the large number of different compositions and crystal structures (dimer, perovskite, etc.) has made these materials largely overlooked; thus, an intuitive evaluation strategy is required. Here, we present a comprehensive study of the energy levels (bandgap, valence band maximum, etc.) and optoelectronics (photoconductivity and charge transfer to charge transport material) of the Bi- and Sb-based materials, which include 6 crystal categories with 44 compositions, by using time-resolved microwave conductivity (TRMC). Importantly, we found an efficient hole transfer from the Sb-based materials to the hole transport materials with the inclusion of the thiophene component, leading to an improved power conversion efficiency of 2.91% for Sb2S3-containing SbSI, prepared by a novel one-step method. Our study establishes a key rule for exploring active layer compositions and designing device structures, which would accelerate the evolution of Bi- and Sb-based lead-free solar cells.engAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/journal articlehttps://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c01503https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c01503open access547Química orgánica (Química)2306 Química Orgánica