Fat: quality or quantity? What matters most for the progression of Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD).

Estévez Vázquez, OlgaBenede Ubieto, RaquelSanz García, CarlosMaranillo Alcaide, EvaSañudo Tejero, José RamónVázquez Osorio, María TeresaLamas Paz, ArantzaPeligros Gómez, María IsabelVaquero, JavierMartínez Naves, EduardoRegueiro González-Barros, José Ramón2024-08-052024-08-052021Estévez-Vázquez, O.; Benedé-Ubieto, R.; Guo, F.; Gómez-Santos, B.; Aspichueta, P.; Reissing, J.; Bruns, T.; Sanz-García, C.; Sydor, S.; Bechmann, L.P.; et al. Fat: Quality, or Quantity? What Matters Most for the Progression of Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD). Biomedicines 2021, 9, 1289. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines910128910.3390/biomedicines9101289https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/107383Objectives: Lately, many countries have restricted or even banned transfat, and palm oil has become a preferred replacement for food manufacturers. Whether palm oil is potentially an unhealthy food mainly due to its high content of saturated Palmitic Acid (PA) is a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to test whether qualitative aspects of diet such as levels of PA and the fat source are risk factors for Metabolic Syndrome (MS) and Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD). Methods: C57BL/6 male mice were fed for 14 weeks with three types of Western diet (WD): 1. LP-WD—low concentration of PA (main fat source—corn and soybean oils); 2. HP-WD—high concentration of PA (main fat source—palm oil); 3. HP-Trans-WD—high concentration of PA (mainly transfat). Results: All types of WD caused weight gain, adipocyte enlargement, hepatomegaly, lipid metabolism alterations, and steatohepatitis. Feeding with HP diets led to more prominent obesity, hypercholesterolemia, stronger hepatic injury, and fibrosis. Only the feeding with HP-Trans-WD resulted in glucose intolerance and elevation of serum transaminases. Brief withdrawal of WDs reversed MS and signs of MAFLD. However, mild hepatic inflammation was still detectable in HP groups. Conclusions: HP and HP-Trans-WD play a crucial role in the genesis of MS and MAFLD.engAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Fat: quality or quantity? What matters most for the progression of Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD).journal article2227-9059https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9101289https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/9/10/1289open access612.017obesitymetabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD)steatohepatitisfibrosispalmitic acid (PA)Inmunología2412 Inmunología