Autilio, ChiaraTouqui, LhousseineFoligno, SilviaArroyo, RaquelKingma, Paul S.Alonso Eugenio, AlejandroPérez Gil, JesúsDe Luca, Daniele2025-09-162025-09-162025-04Autilio, C., Touqui, L., Foligno, S. et al. Effect of therapeutic hypothermia on surfactant proteins, anti-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic mediators. J Perinatol (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-025-02285-20743-834610.1038/s41372-025-02285-2https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/124019Objectives To study the effect of hypothermia on surfactant proteins, anti-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic mediators Design Prospective, pragmatic study enrolling asphyxiated neonates without lung injury. Surfactant proteins (SP), Club cell secretory protein (CC-10), tumor growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), human fibroblast growth factor-2 (hFGF) and anti-inflammatory interleukins (IL) were measured in broncho-alveolar lavage fluids obtained before, during and after hypothermia. Results Twelve neonates were studied. SP-A, -B, -C, -D and CC-10 levels were similar before, during and after hypothermia. IL-10, IL-13, IL-14 were inconsistently detected only in five out of twelve patients and not in all timepoints; TGF-β1 was always undetectable. hFGF decreased during hypothermia (pre = 92 [52–193.6], during = 19.4 [0–42.6], post = 31.8 [0–83] ng/mL, p = 0.026) with levels before hypothermia being significantly higher than those obtained during and after the treatment (post hoc p = 0.025). Conclusions In cooled neonates without any lung disorder, hypothermia is associated with lower hFGF but not with any changes in surfactant proteins or anti-inflammatory molecules.engjournal article1476-5543https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-025-02285-2https://www.nature.com/articles/s41372-025-02285-2#citeasmetadata only access577.112(053.2)Bioquímica (Biología)Biología molecular (Biología)2302 Bioquímica2415 Biología Molecular