Kholmetskii, Alexsander L.Missevitch, Oleg V.Smirnov Rueda, Román2023-06-202023-06-202007H. Hertz, in Electric Waves, Collection of Scientific Papers (Dover, New York, 1962). R. Smirnov-Rueda, Found. Phys. 35, 1 (2005). A. L. Kholmetskii, O. V. Missevitch, R. Smirnov-Rueda, R. Ivanov,and A.E. Chubykalo, J. Appl. Phys. 101, 023532 (2007) J.D.Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, 2nd ed. (Wiley, New York, 1975). L.D.Landau and E.M.Lifshitz, The Classical Theory of Fields (Addison-Wesley, Cambridge, MA, 1951). W.K. H. Panofsky and M. Phillips, Classical Electricity and Magnetism,3rd ed.(Addison-Wesley,Reading, MA, 1969), p. 260. W.G.V.Rosser, Interpretation of Classical Electromagnetism, Fundamental Theories of Physics Vol.78,edited by A. Van der Merwe (Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1997). O. L. Brill and B. Goodman, Am. J. Phys. 35, 832 (2005) J.D. Jackson and L. B. Okun, Rev. Mod. Phys. 73, 663 (2001). F. Rohrlich, Am. J. Phys. 70, 411 (2002) O.D.Jefimenko,Electricity and Magnetism: An Introduction to the Theory of Electric and Magnetic Fields,2nd ed. Electret Scientific, Star City, WV, 1989. J.A.Stratton,Electromagnetic Theory (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1941).0021-897910.1063/1.2749415https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/50351Travel expenses were partly supported by BSCH/UCM 27/05-13939 and CM-910143. The authors also thank J. A. Santamaria Rueda (Moscow, Russia) for the crucial help in the realization of this project.We start with the general approach based on conventional solutions to Maxwell's equations and show that in the near zone of macroscopic electromagnetic sources the electromotive force produced in receiving loop antenna is intimately linked to the fundamental structure as well as to causal properties of the classical electromagnetic field as a superposition of bound and radiation components. As a consequence, we propose and implement a direct experimental procedure for the correct identification of retarded positions of bound field contributions on the oscilloscope time scale as a function of a distance from the emitting loop antenna. It provides unambiguous empirical information on causal characteristics of bound electromagnetic fields. According to the observation of no retardation inside the near zone of the emitting loop antenna, the experimental evidence for nonlocal properties of bound electromagnetic fields is reported.engjournal articlehttp://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=4944063&abstractAccess=no&userType=insthttp://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/home.jspopen access530.1CausalityGaugeFísica matemática