Suarez Trujillo, FabioRey, DiegoBendukidze, NinaJuarez, IgnacioSánchez Orta, AlejandroPalaci Gruber, JoséMartín Villa, José ManuelArnaiz Villena, Antonio2023-06-222023-06-222022-08-04Suarez Trujillo, F., Rey, D., Bendukidze, N. et al. «Class II HLA in Georgia Caucasus Tbilisi Georgians and Their Mediterranean Ancestry: The Usko Mediterranean Languages». Human Immunology, vol. 83, n.o 11, noviembre de 2022, pp. 739-40. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humimm.2022.08.005.0198-885910.1016/j.humimm.2022.08.005https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/71998CRUE-CSIC (Acuerdos Transformativos 2022)Georgia (or Sakartvelo in its own language) is a South Caucasus Mts. country with its easternmost part is enigmatically named Iberia, like the Iberian Peninsula, which may refer to rivers “Kura” and “Ebro” or their valleys respectively. Most of their inhabitants speak Georgian which is included within Dene-Caucasian group and Usko-Mediterranean subgroup of languages. The latter includes Basque, Berber, ancient Iberian-Tartessian, Etruscan, Hittite, Minoan Lineal A and others. In the present paper, HLA class II -DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles has been studied and extended haplotypes calculated. Most frequent haplotypes are also of Mediterranean origin (i. e.: (A*02-B*51)-DRB1*11:01-DQB1*03:01, (A*02-B*51)-DRB1*13:01-DQB1*06:03, or (A*24-B*35)-DRB1*01:01-DQB1*05:01) and DA genetic distances show that closest world populations to Georgians are Mediterraneans. Georgians also show common extended haplotypes ((A*02-B*51)-DRB1*11:01-DQB1*03:01, (A*02-B*13)-DRB1*07:01-DQB1*02:01 and (A*03-B*35)-DRB1*11:01-DQB1*03:01) with Svan people, a secluded population in North Georgia mountains. We can conclude that Georgians belong to a very old Mediterranean substratum according to both linguistics (Usko Mediterranean languages) and HLA genetics.engAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Españahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/journal articlehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.humimm.2022.08.005open accessHLAGeorgiaUsko‐MediterraneanDene‐CaucasianCaucasusSvanIberianTartessianEtruscanBasqueBerberIberiaKartliSakartveloTbilisiKuraEbroInmunologíaHistoria de la medicinaHistoria2412 Inmunología5506.17 Historia de la Medicina55 Historia