Burgos Blasco, BárbaraGüemes Villahoz, NoemiSantiago García, José AntonioSantiago, José LuisFernández Vigo, José IgnacioEspino Paisán, LauraSarriá Ruíz, Beatriz IreneGarcía Feijoo, JuliánMartínez de la Casa, Jose Maria2023-06-162023-06-1620200014-483510.1016/j.exer.2020.108253https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/6672Received 29 July 2020, Revised 30 August 2020, Accepted 14 September 2020, Available online 16 September 2020The aim of this study is to analyze the concentrations of cytokines in tear of hospitalized COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls. Tear samples were obtained from 41 healthy controls and 62 COVID-19 patients. Twenty-seven cytokines were assessed: interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-1RA, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL9, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, eotaxin, fibroblast growth factor basic, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interferon (IFN)-γ, interferon gamma-induced protein, monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1a, MIP-1b, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted, tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).
In tear samples of COVID-19 patients, an increase in IL-9, IL-15, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, PDGF and VEGF was observed, along with a decrease in eotaxin compared to the control group (p < 0.05). A poor correlation between IL-6 levels in tear and blood was found. IL-1RA and GM-CSF were significantly lower in severe patients and those who needed treatment targeting the immune system (p < 0.05). Tear cytokine levels corroborate the inflammatory nature of SARS-CoV-2.engjournal articlehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.exer.2020.108253https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001448352030511Xhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/220124open access616.98:578.834577.112.85612. 398. 145. 3617.7CytokineCOVIDTearInflammationEnfermedades infecciosasOftalmología3205.05 Enfermedades Infecciosas3201.09 Oftalmología