Paz-Graniel, IndiraValle-Hita, CristinaBabio, NancySerra-Majem, LluísVioque, JesusZomeño, María DoloresCorella, DoloresPintó, XavierCano-Ibáñez, NaomiTur, Josep A.Cuadrado Soto, EstherMartínez, J.A.Díaz-López, AndrésTorres-Collado, LauraGoday, AlbertFernández-Carrión, RebecaNissenshon, MarielaRiera-Mestre, AntoniGarrido-Garrido, EvaBouzas, CristinaAbete, ItziarDaimiel, LidiaCornejo-Pareja, IsabelVázquez-Ruiz, ZenaidaKhoury, NadinePérez-Vega, Karla AlejandraSalas-Salvadó, Jordi2025-07-142025-07-142024-09Paz-Graniel, I., Valle-Hita, C., Babio, N., Serra-Majem, L., Vioque, J., Zomeño, M. D., Corella, D., Pintó, X., Cano-Ibáñez, N., Tur, J. A., Cuadrado-Soto, E., Martínez, J. A., Díaz-López, A., Torres-Collado, L., Goday, A., Fernández-Carrión, R., Nissenshon, M., Riera-Mestre, A., Garrido-Garrido, E., Bouzas, C., … Salas-Salvadó, J. (2024). Long-term association between water intake and kidney function in a population at high cardiovascular risk. The journal of nutrition, health & aging, 28(9), 100327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnha.2024.1003271279-770710.1016/j.jnha.2024.100327https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/122492Objectives: The evidence on water intake in the prevention of kidney function decline is scarce at population level in well-being individuals at high cardiovascular risk. Therefore, we aimed to longitudinally evaluate the associations between total water intake and subtypes and kidney function, through estimated-Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR). Methods: Three-year prospective analysis conducted in 1986 older adults (aged 55–75 year) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome from the PREDIMED-Plus study. Water intake was assessed using validated beverage and food frequency questionnaires. Serum creatinine-based eGFR (SCr-based eGFR; ml/min/1.73 m2 ) was estimated using the CKD-EPI equation at baseline, one-year and 3-years of follow-up. Mixed-effects linear regression models were fitted to evaluate the associations between baseline total water intake and subtypes, and SCr-based eGFR over 3-years of follow-up. Results: Participants in the highest baseline tertile of total water intake, plain water and water from all fluids showed a lower decrease in SCr-based eGFR after 3-years of follow-up, compared to those in the lowest tertile. Participants with the highest tap water consumption showed a lower SCr-based eGFR decline after 1-year and 3-years of followup, in comparerd to participants in the lowest intake category (T3 vs. T1:b: 1.4 ml/min/1.73 m2 ; 95%CI: 0.5–2.3,b: 1.0; 95%CI: 0.1–2.0, respectively). Conclusions: Plain water rather than other water sources, and especially tap water, was associated with lower kidney function decline assessed through eGFR over 3-years of follow-up, in older individuals at high cardiovascular risk.engAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/journal articlehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100327https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1279770724004147https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39137622/open access612.39613.2Plain waterTap waterKidney functionGlomerular filtration rateElderlyPREDIMED-Plus studyDietética y nutrición (Farmacia)3206 Ciencias de la Nutrición