Alves EstefaníaLinacero De La Fuente, M. RosarioBallesteros Redondo, María IsabelVázquez, Ana María2024-01-082024-01-082005Alves, E., Ballesteros, I., Linacero, R. et al. RYS1, a foldback transposon, is activated by tissue culture and shows preferential insertion points into the rye genome. Theor Appl Genet 111, 431–436 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-005-2013-90040-575210.1007/s00122-005-2013-9https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/91854The study of two variable amplicons of rye indicates that RYS1, a mobile element, is activated during tissue culture. We propose that RYS1 could be a foldback (FB) transposon. The FB transposons have been rarely reported in plants; RYS1 is the first described in rye and also the first active plant FB transposon reported. Preferential integration points in the rye genome exist, because the new insertions seem to be located, in all studied cases, in the same genome positions. We assume that RYS1 became active in rye very recently, as different plants from in vivo-growing cultivars showed that these elements were present or absent in the same genomic position in which the in vitro-activated element was found. This high rate of modification in these particular loci, both in the in vivo and in vitro populations, could indicate that probably the mechanisms promoting genetic variability in nature are the same that induce variation in vitro, and the modifications induced by somaclonal variation could be already present in vivo populations.engjournal article1432-2242https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-005-2013-9restricted access581.15633.1RYS1Tissue cultureRyegenomeBotánica (Biología)Genética2409 Genética2417 Biología Vegetal (Botánica)