Apoptosis, Toll-like, RIG-I-like and NOD-like Receptors Are Pathways Jointly Induced by Diverse Respiratory Bacterial and Viral Pathogens

Martínez, IsidoroOliveros, JuanCuesta, IsabelBarrera, JorgeAusina, VicenteCasals Carro, María CristinaLorenzo, Alba deGarcía, ErnestoGarcía-Fojeda García-Valdecasas, María BelénGarmendia, JunkalGonzález-Nicolau, MarLacoma, AliciaMenéndez, MargaritaMoranta, DavidNieto, AmeliaOrtín, JuanPérez-González, AliciaPrat, CristinaRamos-Sevillano, ElisaRegueiro, VerónicaRodriguez-Frandsen, ArielSolís, DoloresYuste, JoséBengoechea, JoséMelero, José2024-01-222024-01-222017Martínez I, Oliveros JC, Cuesta I, de la Barrera J, Ausina V, Casals C, de Lorenzo A, García E, García-Fojeda B, Garmendia J, González-Nicolau M, Lacoma A, Menéndez M, Moranta D, Nieto A, Ortín J, Pérez-González A, Prat C, Ramos-Sevillano E, Regueiro V, Rodriguez-Frandsen A, Solís D, Yuste J, Bengoechea JA and Melero JA (2017) Apoptosis, Toll-like, RIG-I-like and NOD-like Receptors Are Pathways Jointly Induced by Diverse Respiratory Bacterial and Viral Pathogens. Front. Microbiol. 8:276. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.002761664-302X10.3389/fmicb.2017.00276https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/94519Lower respiratory tract infections are among the top five leading causes of human death. Fighting these infections is therefore a world health priority. Searching for induced alterations in host gene expression shared by several relevant respiratory pathogens represents an alternative to identify new targets for wide-range host-oriented therapeutics. With this aim, alveolar macrophages were independently infected with three unrelated bacterial (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus) and two dissimilar viral (respiratory syncytial virus and influenza A virus) respiratory pathogens, all of them highly relevant for human health. Cells were also activated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a prototypical pathogen-associated molecular pattern. Patterns of differentially expressed cellular genes shared by the indicated pathogens were searched by microarray analysis. Most of the commonly up-regulated host genes were related to the innate immune response and/or apoptosis, with Toll-like, RIG-I-like and NOD-like receptors among the top 10 signaling pathways with over-expressed genes. These results identify new potential broad-spectrum targets to fight the important human infections caused by the bacteria and viruses studied here.engAttribution 4.0 InternationalApoptosis, Toll-like, RIG-I-like and NOD-like Receptors Are Pathways Jointly Induced by Diverse Respiratory Bacterial and Viral Pathogensjournal articlehttps://www.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.00276https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28298903/open access577.1Bacterial infectionsCore of up-regulated genesHost responseRespiratory pathogensViral infectionsBioquímica (Biología)2412 Inmunología