Méndez Bailón, ManuelJiménez García, RodrigoHernández Barrera, ValentínMiguel Díez, Javier DeMiguel Yanes, José María DeMuñoz Rivas, NuriaLorenzo Villalba, NoelCarabantes Alarcón, DavidZamorano León, José JavierAstasio Arbiza, PalomaOrtega Molina, Soledad PalomaLópez De Andrés, Ana Isabel2023-06-172023-06-172020-02-25Méndez Bailón, M., Jiménez García, R., Hernández Barrera, V. et al. «Heart Failure Is a Risk Factor for Suffering and Dying of Clostridium Difficile Infection. Results of a 15-Year Nationwide Study in Spain». Journal of Clinical Medicine, vol. 9, n.o 3, febrero de 2020, p. 614. DOI.org (Crossref), https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030614.2077-038310.3390/jcm9030614https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/8200Background: We aimed to (1) analyze time trends in the incidence and in-hospital outcomes of heart failure (HF) patients suffering Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI); (2) compare clinical characteristics of CDI patients between those with HF and matched non-HF patients; and (3) identify predictors of in-hospital mortality (IHM) among HF patients suffering CDI. Methods: Retrospective study using the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database from 2001 to 2015. Patients of age ≥40 years with CDI were included. For each HF patient, we selected a year, age, sex, and readmission status-matched non-HF patient. Results: We found 44,695 patients hospitalized with CDI (15.46% with HF). HF patients had a higher incidence of CDI (202.05 vs. 145.09 per 100,000 hospitalizations) than patients without HF (adjusted IRR 1.35; 95% CI 1.31–1.40). IHM was significantly higher in patients with HF when CDI was coded as primary (18.39% vs. 7.63%; p < 0.001) and secondary diagnosis (21.12% vs. 14.76%; p < 0.001). Among HF patient’s predictor of IHM were older age (OR 8.80; 95% CI 2.55–20.33 for ≥85 years old), those with more comorbidities (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.12–2.53 for those with Charlson Comorbidity index ≥2), and in those with severe CDI (OR 6.19; 95% CI 3.80–10.02). Conclusions: This research showed that incidence of CDI was higher in HF than non-HF patients. HF is a risk factor for IHM after suffering CDI.engAtribución 3.0 Españahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/journal articlehttps://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030614https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/3/614open accessClostridium difficile infectionHeart failureIn-hospital mortalityHospitalizationIncidenceCardiologíaSalud pública (Medicina)3205.01 Cardiología3212 Salud Pública