Cerezo García, MartaMartín Plasencia, PilarAladro Benito, Yolanda2026-02-172026-02-172015-05Cerezo García, M., Martín Plasencia, P., & Aladro Benito, Y. (2015). Alteration profile of executive functions in multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 131(5), 313-320. https://doi.org/10.1111/ANE.123450001-631410.1111/ane.12345https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/132476Biogen Idec and Merck Serono Laboratories have sponsored this study. Marta Cerezo received a grant to conduct the study from companies referred. The other authors declare they have no conflict of interests. Referencias bibliográficas: • Rao SM, Leo GJ, Bernardin L, Unverzagt F. Cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. I. Frequency, patterns, and prediction. Neurology 1991;41:685-91. • Rao SM. Neuropsychology of multiple sclerosis. Curr Opin Neurol 1995;8:216-20. • Calabrese P. Neuropsychology of multiple sclerosis-an overview. J Neurol 2006;253:10-5. • Goldberg E. 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Clin Neuropsychol 2001;15:357-68. • Bennett PC, Ong B, Ponsford J. Measuring executive dysfunction in an acute rehabilitation setting: using the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX). J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2005;11:376-85. • Burgess PW, Alderman N, Evans J, Emslie H, Wilson BA. The ecological validity of tests of executive function. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 1998;4:547-58. • Hinson JM, Jameson TL, Whitney P. Impulsive decision making and working memory. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 2003;29:298-306. • Chan RC. Dysexecutive symptoms among a non-clinical sample: a study with the use of the Dysexecutive Questionnaire. Br J Psychol 2001;92:551-65. • Gerstorf D, Siedlecki KL, Tucker-Drob EM, Salthouse TA. Executive dysfunctions across adulthood: measurement properties and correlates of the DEX self-report questionnaire. Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn 2008;15:424-45. • Odhuba RA, van den Broek MD, Johns LC. Ecological validity of measures of executive functioning. Br J Clin Psychol 2005;44:269-78. • Gaudino EA, Chiaravalloti ND, De Luca J, Diamond BJ. A comparison of memory performance in relapsing-remitting, primary progressive and secondary progressive, multiple sclerosis. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol 2001;14:32-44. • Hankomäki E, Multanen J, Kinnunen E, Hämäläinen P. The progress of cognitive decline in newly diagnosed MS patients. Acta Neurol Scand 2014;129:184-91.Objective: Executive functions (EF) in multiple sclerosis (MS) have been only partially studied, mainly trough the evaluation of subfunctions. The main objective was to analyse the EF alteration profile in a patients with MS sample. Participants and methods: Case-control study, 100 patients with MS and 30 controls were evaluated by the following tests: Comprehensive Trail Making Test, Stroop Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, picture completion, letter-number sequencing, comprehension and similarities of the WAIS-III scale, phonological and semantic fluency, zoo map test, temporal judgment and behavioural Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX-Q) of the Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome. Scores below normative values were considered pathological. Factorial analysis was used to simplify the deficits, and multiple regression and ANOVA statistics were used to analyse the relationship between clinical and cognitive variables. Results: Seventy-four patients had a recurrent-relapsing course, the mean degree of disability by Expanded disability Status Scale (EDSS) was 2.7 and the mean time of evolution was 9.94 years. Eighty-five per cent presented alterations in 3 or more EF tests and 71% in 5 or more. In the factorial analysis, three groups of functions were involved: (i) cognitive flexibility (ii) inhibition and (iii) abstraction ability. Patients with a progressive course and a high EDSS had a significantly worse performance (P < 0.05). The patients showed a low awareness of their deficit in the DEX-Q. Conclusions: Cognitive flexibility, inhibition and abstraction ability were the three components of EF most deficient. The patients with the worst performance were those with progressive forms and a high EDSS.engAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/journal article1600-0404https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.1234525659411https://produccioncientifica.ucm.es/documentos/618f9d184fa218568b4dada9https://www-scopus-com.bucm.idm.oclc.org/pages/publications/84926320770https://www.webofscience.com/wos/woscc/full-record/WOS:000352526300008https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ane.12345https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Alteration+profile+of+executive+functions+in+multiple+sclerosis&author=Cerezo+Garc%C3%ADa%2C+M.&author=Mart%C3%ADn+Plasencia%2C+P.&author=Aladro+Benito%2C+Y.&publication_year=2015&journal=Acta+Neurologica+Scandinavica&volume=131&issue=5&pages=313-320&doi=10.1111/ANE.12345&pmid=25659411&issn=1600-0404&hl=eshttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25659411/open access612.8:159.937.015.3159.91612.837.01337.012Executive functionMultiple sclerosisPsicología (Psicología)Aptitudes e inteligencia (Psicología)NeuropsicologíaPsicología de la educación (Educación)Neurociencias (Medicina)Métodos de investigación en educación61 Psicología2490 Neurociencias58 Pedagogía5801 Teoría y Métodos Educativos