Cuéllar Del Hoyo, María Del CarmenHurtado-Marcos,C.Valdivieso,E.Vaccaro,L.González Fernández, JuanJiménez,A.I.Pérez-Griera,J.Benlloch,S.Amorós,C.Gil-Borrás,R.Sorando-Serra,R.Cano-Cano,M.J.Andreu-Ballester,J.C.2026-01-132026-01-132025-11-08Cuéllar C, Hurtado-Marcos C, Valdivieso E, Vaccaro L, González-Fernández J, Jiménez AI, et al. Immune dysregulation, apoptosis impairment, and enhanced seroreactivity to Anisakis simplex in Crohn’s disease: interplay of IL-7/IL-7R signalling and CD132 deficiency. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2025; 120: e250129.10.1590/0074-02760250129https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/130110BACKGROUND In previous studies, we identified a deficiency of γδ T cells and an increased prevalence of anti-Anisakis simplex antibodies in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). Additionally, decreased gene expression of the interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor γ subunit (CD132) was observed in tissues from CD patients. OBJECTIVE To analyse the gene expression of IL-7 and its receptors in tissues from CD patients and to explore its relationship with anti-A. simplex antibodies. METHODS 52 patients diagnosed with CD were compared with a control group of 52 healthy individuals. Peripheral blood samples were analysed to assess levels of anti-A. simplex antibodies and IL-7. In addition, intestinal tissue samples from 20 subjects in each group were examined to evaluate IL-7 gene expression, IL-7 protein levels, the IL-2 receptor γ subunit (CD132), the IL-7 receptor α subunit (CD127), and caspase-3 expression. FINDINGS Anti-A. simplex antibody levels were elevated in patients with CD. Caspase-3 expression was significantly reduced in the tissues of CD patients with anti-A. simplex IgA, and this reduction extended to IgG and IgE in healthy individuals. A negative correlation was observed between caspase-3 levels and serum anti-A. simplex IgA, as well as IL-7 levels in the tissues of CD patients. In healthy subjects, tissue IL-7 levels were lower in those positive for anti-A. simplex IgA, while serum IL-7 levels were higher in individuals positive for anti-A. simplex IgG. MAIN CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the interplay between IL-7 signalling, γδ T cell deficiency, and immune responses to A. simplex in CD. Our findings underscored a cause-effect relationship between CD132 deficiency, γδ T cell depletion, and defective mucosal immunity, which may drive both CD inflammation and susceptibility to parasitic infections like A. simplex.engAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/journal articlehttps://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760250129https://memorias.ioc.fiocruz.br/article/11112/0129-immune-dysregulation-apoptosis-impairment-and-enhanced-seroreactivity-to-anisakis-simplex-in-crohn%E2%80%99s-disease-interplay-of-il-7-il-7r-signaling-and-cd132-deficiencyopen access576.8Crohn’s diseaseanti-Anisakis simplex antibodiesIL-7 gene expressionIL-2 receptor subunit γ (CD 132)Caspase-3Parasitología (Farmacia)3207.12 Parasitología