Khayet Souhaimi, MohamedGarcía Payo, M. Carmen2023-06-202023-06-202009-09-150011-916410.1016/j.desal.2009.02.013https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/44313Engineering with Membranes Conference (2008. Vale do Lobo, Algarve, Portugal). © 2009 Elsevier B.V. The authors gratefully thank the financial support of Spanish Ministry of Science and Education (MEC) (Project No. FIS2006-05323). The authors also express their gratitude to Dr. J. Velázquez Cano (X-Ray Diffraction Centre, UCM) for taking the X-ray diffraction spectra.Polyethersulfone (PES) hollow fiber membranes were prepared by both wet spinning technique, without gas-gap, and dry/wet spinning technique under different gas-gaps, namely, air, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon and humid air. All spinning parameters were maintained the same except the type of the gas-gap used. Flat-sheets were prepared by the phase-inversion method using the same polymer solution and water as coagulant. The X-ray diffraction pattern of virgin PES indicated that this polymer is mainly amorphous in nature and X-ray diffraction study revealed quite similar structure for flat-sheets and hollow fibers prepared from the PES polymer. It was observed that the PES hollow fibers prepared with dry/wet spinning technique exhibited some differences in X-ray diffraction spectra showing attenuation of the broad band peak intensity for the hollow fibers prepared under argon and carbon dioxide. The intersegmental distance of polymer chains, d-space, was determined. A value of about 4.77 +/- 0.05 angstrom was obtained. The results provide evidence that the spinning technique do not induce crystallization of hollow fibers.engjournal articlehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2009.02.013http://www.sciencedirect.com/restricted access536Induced phase-separationMorphologyMembranesPerformanceTermodinámica2213 Termodinámica