Ocular Exploration in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of the Alzheimer’s Dementia

García Martín, Elena SalobrarHoz Montañana, María Rosa DeRamírez Sebastián, Ana IsabelSalazar Corral, Juan JoséRojas Lozano, María Del PilarLópez Cuenca, InésFernández Albarral, JoséRamírez Sebastián, José Manuel2023-06-172023-06-172019-12-20García Martín, E. S., Hoz Montañana, M. R., Ramírez Sebastián, A. I. et al. «Ocular Exploration in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of the Alzheimer’s Dementia». Exon Publications, noviembre de 2019, pp. 159-77. exonpublications.com, https://doi.org/10.15586/alzheimersdisease.2019.ch10.978-0-646-80968-710.15586/alzheimersdisease.2019.ch10https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/8703The retina is part of the central nervous system (CNS), and therefore, in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), retinal and optic nerve degeneration could take place. This degeneration leads to neurofunctional changes that can be detected early and followed up throughout the evolution of the disease. As opposed to other CNS structures, the eye is easily accessible for in vivo observation. Retinal organization allows for the identification of its different neurons, and in consequence, detection of minimal changes taking place during neurodegeneration is possible. Functional vision studies performed on AD patients in recent years have shown how visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, color vision, and visual integration vary with the progression of neurodegeneration. The development of optical coherence tomography in ophthalmology has meant a breakthrough in retinal exploratory techniques, allowing the obtention of high-resolution images using light. This technique enables retinal analysis in the earliest stages of AD, being considered as a biomarker of neuronal damage. Given AD’s high prevalence and its expected increase, it is important to perform easy tests that cause minimal discomfort to the patients at a low cost while offering abundant information on the stage of the disease.engAtribución-NoComercial 3.0 Españahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/es/Ocular Exploration in the Diagnosis and Follow-Up of the Alzheimer’s Dementiabook parthttp://dx.doi.org/10.15586/alzheimersdisease.2019.ch10https://codonpublications.com/index.php/codon/catalog/book/115open access616.894-053.9617.735-073616.8-003.8Alzheimer’s diseaseBiomarkerNeurodegenerationRetinaVisual systemNeurociencias (Medicina)OftalmologíaOptometríaTécnicas de la imagen2490 Neurociencias3201.09 Oftalmología2209.15 Optometría