Fauzi, Sabrina Wafi MohamadSalleh, Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi WanSalihu, Abubakar SiddiqRahim, Faezatul Alwani MohdZaini, Nur Nabilah MohdGhani, Nurunajah AbPalá Paúl, Jesús2026-02-262026-02-262025-11Fauzi, S. W. M., Salleh, W. M. N. H. W., Salihu, A. S., Rahim, F. A. M., Zaini, N. N. M., Ghani, N. A., & Palá-Paúl, J. (2025). Chemical characterization and enzyme inhibitory activity of the essential oil of etlingera triorgyalis (baker) R.M.Sm. Natural Product Research, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2025.25833451478-641910.1080/14786419.2025.2583345https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/133410Funding: This research was supported by the Geran Penyelidikan Universiti (Kecemerlangan@UPSI) under grant number 2025-0012-103-01, funded by Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.This is the first report about the chemical profile and biological properties of the essential oil of Etlingera triorgyalis (Baker) R.M.Sm from their rhizome extracted by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC and GS-MS. A total of 28 constituents, representing 94.1% of the total composition, were identified. The main compounds were neral (48.5%), geranial (10.5%), α-cadinol (7.7%), methyl eugenol (6.5%), and (Z)-isocitral (4.6%). The biological potential of the oil was examined through enzyme-based assays, including acetylcholinesterase inhibition (Ellman method), tyrosinase inhibition (mushroom tyrosinase), and lipoxygenase inhibition. The essential oil showed notable enzyme inhibition, with IC50 values of 133.2 µg/mL (acetylcholinesterase), 118.5 µg/mL (tyrosinase), and 128.4 µg/mL (lipoxygenase). These findings suggest that the essential oil of E. triorgyalis holds promise as a multifunctional natural product with potential applications in managing neurodegenerative disorders, pigmentation issues, and inflammatory conditions.engjournal article1478-6427https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2025.2583345https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14786419.2025.2583345metadata only access547.9:58577.1Etlingera triorgyalisAcetylcholinesteraseAntityrosinaseLipoxygenaseNeralGeranialCitralBotánica (Biología)Bioquímica (Biología)2306.90 Química de Productos Naturales Orgánicos2302.10 Aceites Esenciales