Roquez Díaz, Gustavo AdolfoEscot Mangas, Lorenzo2023-06-172023-06-1720181363-666910.1111/rode.12358https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/19046We empirically analyze the causality relationship between economic growth and international trade using new advancements in the econometric methodology for heterogeneous panel data applied to Latin American countries. First, we test for dependencies between the units of cross-section (countries) and then we test for cointegration between growth and openness. Finally, we test for Granger causality using a heterogeneous panel data test. The results reject the hypothesis of general, unidirectional, and homogeneous relationship between trade openness and economic growth in Latin American countries as a group. However, considering heterogeneity, we found significant evidence of causality from trade liberalization to economic growth in Chile, Peru, Nicaragua, and Uruguay; we have found bidirectional causality in Mexico and Honduras; and a causal relationship from economic growth to trade liberalization in Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, and the Dominican Republic.engjournal articlehttps://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12358restricted accessGranger causalityComercioDesarrollo económicoEconometría (Economía)Economía regional5304.03 Comercio exterior5307.03 Modelos y Teorías del desarrollo Económico5307.04 Estudios del desarrollo Económico5302 Econometría