Moratalla, ÁngelaCorreia, Sergio E.Cotillas Soriano, SalvadorLacasa, EngraciaCañizares, Pablo C.Rodrigo, Manuel A.Sáez Blázquez, Cristina2023-06-222023-06-2220222213-343710.1016/j.jece.2022.107587https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/71660CRUE-CSIC (Acuerdos Transformativos 2022)This work evaluates the integration of dehalogenation with Zero Valent Iron (ZVI) and electrochemical oxidation (EO) for the treatment of urines polluted with iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM). To do this, different strategies were evaluated: pretreatment with ZVI followed by EO (ZVI-EO) or electrolysis enhanced with ZVI-dehalogenation (EO/ZVI). For comparison purposes, single electrolysis was also performed to check the best treatment strategy. Results showed that EO was less efficient than EO/ZVI and ZVI-EO processes. Removal percentages of 74.9%, 87.6% and 99.5% were reached after passing 13.8 Ah dm−3 at 10 mA cm−2 during EO, EO/ZVI and ZVI-EO, respectively. EO/ZVI process favored the production of large amounts of hydroxyl radicals in the effluent through Fenton´s reaction, enhancing the degradation rate of iopamidol (IPM). The pretreatment with ZVI allowed to transform up to 95% of IPM to C17H25N3O8. Then, electrolysis attained the almost complete removal of the raw pollutant (ZVI-EO). The different iodine species formed at the end of the treatment were also monitored, finding similar proportions of organic iodine species for EO and EO/ZVI processes, although single EO promoted the formation of the stable inorganic iodine (IO3-) and EO/ZVI favored the release of I-. Total organic carbon removal percentages lower than 20% were achieved, suggesting that the technologies employed were selective for the removal of the target pollutant under the operating conditions studied. Finally, the organic IPM by-products were also identified by LC-MS and the chromatographic area profiles showed higher values for EO/ZVI followed by ZVI-EO and EO.engAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Españajournal articlehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2022.107587open access66.0IopamidolUrineZero valent ironElectrolysisIngeniería química3303 Ingeniería y Tecnología Químicas