Rodríguez, José LuisClavo, Zoyla MirellaRamos González, MariellaDe la Cruz, MaxInostroza Ruiz, LuisBada Laura, WendyPalomino Ruiz-Poveda, Olga MaríaFernández Alfonso, María SoledadMateos Briz, María RaquelGoya, Luis2024-05-282024-05-282023-11-20José-Luis Rodríguez , Zoyla-Mirella Clavo , Mariella Ramos-Gonzalez , Max De La Cruz , Luis Inostroza-Ruiz , Wendy Bada-Laura , Olga Palomino , Maria S. Fernández-Alfonso , Raquel Mateos , Luis Goya. Cytoprotective and Anti-Oxidative Stress Capacity of South American Medicinal Plant Brunfelsia grandiflora in Endothelial Cells. Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents. 2023, 37(11): 6179-6192 https://doi.org/10.23812/j.biol.regul.homeost.agents.20233711.5900393-974X10.23812/j.biol.regul.homeost.agents.20233711.590https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/104499Author Contributions: JLR and LG designed the research study. JLR, LG, ZMC, MDLC and LIR performed the research. MRG, WBL, OP, MSFA, RM provided help and advice on cell culture. MRG analyzed the data. LG, JLR and WBL wrote the manuscript. All authors contributed to editorial changes in the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. All authors have participated sufficiently in the work and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work.Background: Oxidative stress is a potential cause of cardiovascular pathologies, so the protection of endothelial cells and vascular tissues is essential to avoid such conditions, perhaps with the use of natural compounds rich in phenolic compounds with a proven high antioxidant capacity. The present study was designed to show the cytoprotective capacity of phenolic extracts from the plant Brunfelsia grandiflora, as well as describe its antioxidant defense mechanisms and the expression of some molecular markers involved in cellular protection. Methods: Human EA.hy926 cells were exposed to Brunfelsia grandiflora (B. grandiflora) extract (1, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL) in co-treatment (22 h with 100 μM tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) and B. grandiflora concentrations) and pre-treatment (18 h of B. grandiflora concentrations and then 200 μM t-BOOH for 4 h). Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, nitric oxide (NO) levels, caspase 3/7 activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, and reduction in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) activity were measured, and real-time PCR molecular assays superoxide dismutase (SOD2), nuclear factor E2-related factor (NRF2), BCL-2-associated X protein (BAX), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) were performed. Data were analyzed via one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Results: B. grandiflora bark extract, mainly at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL, significantly (p < 0.05) reversed (pre-treatment and co-treatment) the deleterious effects of t-BOOH on EA.hy926 endothelial cells, which were significantly decreased cell viability, GSH activity, and SOD2 and NRF2 expression (p < 0.05); and significantly increased levels of ROS, NO, MDA, caspase-3/7 activity, GPx activity, GR activity, and the BAX/BCL2 ratio (p < 0.05). Conclusions: B. grandiflora extract was able to reduce the deleterious effects of t-BOOH on EA.hy926 endothelial cells, which may indicate its potential phytotherapeutic benefit against cytotoxic damage caused by chemical agents.engAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationaljournal article1724-6083https://doi.org/10.23812/j.biol.regul.homeost.agents.20233711.590open access615.1Medicinal plantsB. grandifloraVascular endotheliumOxidative stressBotánica (Farmacia)Farmacología (Farmacia)3109.08 Farmacología2417.03 Botánica General