Person: Garcimartín Álvarez, Alba
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First Name
Alba
Last Name
Garcimartín Álvarez
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Farmacia
Department
Farmacología, Farmacognosia y Botánica
Area
Farmacología
Identifiers
20 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 20
- Project number: 266
Item Dinamización del aprendizaje de Farmacología y Farmacoterapia mediante evaluación continua en entorno virtual(2019) Martín-Aragón Álvarez, Sagrario; Bermejo Bescos, María De La Paloma; Slowing Barillas, Karla Verónica; Garcimartín Álvarez, Alba; Benedí González, Juana María; Pérez Uz, María Blanca; Romero Garrido, José Antonio; Santos López, Jorge Arturo; Sánchez-Prieto Mateos, AliciaLa Evaluación constituye un elemento clave de la tarea docente para incentivar el trabajo de los estudiantes, constatar sus progresos e introducir mejoras en la planificación y acción educativa. Un número considerable de estudiantes universitarios admite que sus conductas de estudio están bastante determinadas por su percepción del sistema de evaluación. Y así es; los docentes estamos observando que los estudiantes calculan cada vez más el uso del tiempo y de sus energías, influidos por las demandas percibidas del sistema de evaluación. Por tanto, el sistema de evaluación condicionará no sólo la consecución real de las competencias sino la forma de estudiar y el tiempo dedicado al aprendizaje. En este contexto, los estudiantes que participan en la evaluación continua tienen mayores garantías de superar una asignatura que el resto porque: a) asimilan de forma gradual los contenidos más importantes de la materia; b) desarrollan de forma gradual las competencias de la asignatura; c) conocen la forma de evaluar del profesor; y d) reciben información sobre su propio ritmo de aprendizaje, pudiendo así reorientarlo. Y, en último lugar, la evaluación continua prepara a los estudiantes para la prueba final de evaluación, ya que, por coherencia, el examen final debería poseer la misma o similar estructura que las actividades propuestas a lo largo del curso. Los entornos virtuales se presentan como una herramienta realmente útil para abordar el reto de la evaluación continua. La plataforma Moodle cuenta con diversos módulos y actividades que pueden ser evaluadas por el profesor, y que sirven para otorgar una calificación al estudiante. Entre estos se encuentra el módulo de «cuestionarios» que permite al profesor diseñar sus propios cuestionarios y aplicarlos a sus estudiantes de forma on-line. El presente proyecto propone la elaboración y aplicación de cuestionarios en Moodle, utilizando los diferentes tipos de preguntas disponibles, como herramienta para la evaluación continua en la asignatura de «Farmacología y Farmacoterapia» de 4º curso de Grado en Farmacia. Item Can Meat and Meat-Products Induce Oxidative Stress?(Antioxidants, 2020) Macho González, Adrián; Garcimartín Álvarez, Alba; López-Oliva Muñoz, María Elvira; Bastida Codina, Sara; Benedí González, Juana María; Ros, Gaspar; Nieto, Gema; Sánchez Muniz, Francisco JoséHigh meat and meat-products consumption has been related to degenerative diseases. In addition to their saturated fatty acids and cholesterol contents, oxidation products generated during their production, storage, digestion, and metabolization have been largely implicated. This review begins by summarizing the concept of meat and meat-products by the main international regulatory agencies while highlighting the nutritional importance of their consumption. The review also dials in the controversy of white/red meat classification and insists in the need of more accurate classification based on adequate scores. Since one of the negative arguments that meat receives comes from the association of its consumption with the increase in oxidative stress, main oxidation compounds (malondialdehyde, thermaloxidized compounds, 4-hydroxy-nonenal, oxysterols, or protein carbonyls) generated during its production, storage, and metabolization, are included as a central aspect of the work. The review includes future remarks addressed to study the effects meat consumption in the frame of diet–gene interactions, stressing the importance of knowing the genetic variables that make individuals more susceptible to a possible oxidative stress imbalance or antioxidant protection. The importance of consumed meat/meat-products in the frame of a personalized nutrition reach in plant-food is finally highlighted considering the importance of iron and plant biophenols on the microbiota abundance and plurality, which in turn affect several aspects of our physiology and metabolism.- Project number: 116
Item Elaboración de un espacio virtual de auto aprendizaje, mediante trabajo colaborativo, para el desarrollo y aplicación de competencias de Atención Farmacéutica.(2016) Benedí González, Juana María; Iglesias Peinado, Irene; Raposo Simón, Pedro Carlos; García Diz, Luis; Romero Garrido, José Antonio; Garcimartín Álvarez, Alba Item The Nutritional Components of Beer and Its Relationship with Neurodegeneration and Alzheimer’s Disease(Nutrients, 2019) Sánchez Muniz, Francisco José; Macho González, Adrián; Garcimartín Álvarez, Alba; Santos López, Jorge Arturo; Benedí González, Juana María; Bastida Codina, Sara; González-Muñoz, María JoséThe prevalence of degenerative diseases has risen in western countries. Growing evidence suggests that demenia and other cognition affectations are associated with ambient factors including specific nutrients, food ingredients or specific dietary patterns. Mediterranean diet adherence has been associated with various health benefits and decreased risk of many diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. Beer, as part of this protective diet, contains compounds such as silicon and hops that could play a major role in preventing brain disorders. In this review, different topics regarding Mediterranean diet, beer and the consumption of their main compounds and their relation to neurological health have been addressed. Taking into account published results from our group and other studies, the hypothesis linking aluminum intoxication with dementia and/or Alzheimer’s disease and the potential role of regular beer has also been considered. Beer, in spite of its alcohol content, may have some health benefits; nonetheless, its consumption is not adequate for all subjects. Thus, this review analyzed some promising results of non-alcoholic beer on several mechanisms engaged in neurodegeneration such as inflammation, oxidation, and cholinesterase activity, and their contribution to the behavioral modifications induced by aluminum intoxication. The review ends by giving conclusions and suggesting future topics of research related to moderate beer consumption and/or the consumption of its major compounds as a potential instrument for protecting against neurodegenerative disease progression and the need to develop nutrigenetic and nutrigenomic studies in aged people and animal models.Item Effects of Fiber Purified Extract of Carob Fruit on Fat Digestion and Postprandial Lipemia in Healthy Rats(Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2018) Macho González, Adrián; Garcimartín Álvarez, Alba; Naes, F.; López-Oliva Muñoz, María Elvira; Amores-Arrojo, A.; González Muñoz, M. J.; Bastida Codina, Sara; Benedí González, Juana María; Sánchez Muniz, Francisco JoséIncreased postprandial lipemia is a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. Carob fruit extract (CFE) contains condensed tannins, and their intake has been inversely related to CVD. The objective was to evaluate the in vitro pancreatic lipase activity in the presence of CFE and the in vivo effect of CFE on postprandial lipemia of healthy Wistar rats in acute and subchronic digestibility studies and to relate it with changes in fat digestion and absorption. CFE significantly reduced pancreatic lipase activity. A peak delay and a dose-dependent decrease in plasma triglyceride and cholesterol areas under the curve were observed, effects that increased after the subchronic treatment. The levels of nondigested, nonabsorbed triglycerides of the remaining intestinal lumen fat were significantly higher in the maximum dose of CFE administrated versus the control (P < 0.05). This study demonstrates for the first time the hypolipemic properties of CFE from the first administration, modifying postprandial lipemia by reducing the extents of fat digestion and absorption.Item Carob fruit extract-enriched meat, as preventive and curative treatments, improves gut microbiota and colonic barrier integrity in a late-stage T2DM model(Food Research International, 2021) Macho González, Adrián; Garcimartín Álvarez, Alba; Redondo, Noemí; Cofrades, Susana; Bastida Codina, Sara; Nova, Esther; Benedí González, Juana María; Sánchez Muniz, Francisco José; Marcos, Ascensión; López-Oliva Muñoz, María ElviraEpidemiological and experimental studies have suggested that dietary fiber and proanthocyanidins play an important role on gut microbiota (GM), colonic integrity and body health. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent disease in which the modifications in the GM and colonic markers stand out. This manuscript hypothesizes the consumption of functional meat enriched in carob fruit extract [CFE; CFE-restructured meat (RM)] ameliorates the dysbiosis and colonic barrier integrity loss in a late-stage T2DM rat model induced by the conjoint action of a high-saturated-fat/high-cholesterol diet (Chol-diet) and a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ) plus a nicotinamide (NAD) injection. Three groups of eight rats were used: (1) D group, a T2DM control group, fed the Chol-diet; (2) ED group, a T2DM preventive strategy group fed the CFE-Chol-diet since the beginning of the study; and (3) DE group, a T2DM curative treatment group, fed the CFE-Chol-diet once the diabetic state was confirmed. The study lasted 8 weeks. Amount and variety of GM, feces short-chain-fatty acids (SCFAs), colonic morphology [crypt depth and density, goblet cells, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) indexes] and tight junctions were evaluated. A global colonic index combining 17 markers (GCindex) was calculated. ED rats displayed higher levels of GM richness, SCFAs production, crypt depth, and goblet cells than the D group. DE group showed lower Enterobacteriaceae abundance and greater TUNEL index and occludin expression in the distal colon than D counterpart. GCindex differentiated the colonic health status of the experimental groups in the order (ED > DE > D; P < 0.001) as a 17–51 range-quotation, ED, DE, and D groups displayed the values 43, 32.5, and 27, respectively. Thus, CFE-RM used as a T2DM preventive therapy could induce higher GM richness, more adequate SCFAs production, and better colonic barrier integrity. Furthermore, CFE-RM used with curative purposes induced more modest changes and mainly at the distal colonic mucosa. Further studies are needed to confirm this study’s results, to ascertain the benefits of consuming proanthocyanidins-rich fiber during different T2DM stages.- Project number: 145
Item UCMspace-comunica)))), un espacio web como herramienta de aprendizaje de carácter multidisciplinar para la mejora de la comunicación científica(2017) Ortega Hernández-Agero, María Teresa; Torres Muñoz, Margarita; Benedí González, Juana María; Raposo González, Rafaela; Heras Polo, Beatriz De Las; Palomino Ruiz-Poveda, Olga María; Martín Gómez, María Soledad; Pintado Valverde, Ana; Sánchez de Rojas Fernández-Cabrera, Ramón; Castilla Rodriguez, Carlos María; Garcimartín Álvarez, AlbaDiseño, ejecución y evaluación de un espacio web (UCMspace-comunica)))), que pueda ser utilizado como herramienta de aprendizaje eficaz, de carácter multidisciplinar, para la correcta comunicación de los contenidos específicos adquiridos por los alumnos en las diferentes materias que integran los grados universitarios, incluyendo el Trabajo Fin de Grado. Esta herramienta puede ser útil para optimizar la labor tutorial del profesor y el desarrollo profesional de los futuros farmacéuticos. Item Elevated Systemic L-Kynurenine/L-Tryptophan Ratio and Increased IL-1 Beta and Chemokine (CX3CL1, MCP-1) Proinflammatory Mediators in Patients with Long-Term Titanium Dental Implants(Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2019) Merino Martín, José Joaquín; Cabaña-Muñoz, María Eugenia; Toledano Gasca, Adolfo; Garcimartín Álvarez, Alba; Benedí González, Juana María; Camacho-Alonso, Fabio; Parmigiani-Izquierdo, José MaríaTitanium is the mean biocompatible metal found in dental titanium alloys (Ti-6Al-4V). The safety of certain dental biomaterial amalgams has been questioned in patients. The levels of several systemic cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-4: pg/mL) and chemokines (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), soluble fractalkine (CX3CL1: pg/mL) were determined using ELISA and compared between these study groups. The study included 30 controls without dental materials (cont), 57 patients with long-term titanium dental implants plus amalgams (A + I group) as well as 55 patients with long-term dental amalgam alone (A group). All patients (except controls) have had dental titanium implants (Ti-6Al-4V) and/or amalgams for at least 10 years (average: 15 years). We evaluated whether systemic levels of cytokines/chemokines, kyn/L-trp ratio and aromatic amino acid levels (HPLC: mM/L, Phe, L-Trp, His, Treo) could be altered in patients with long-term dental titanium and/or amalgams. These systemic markers were evaluated in 142 patients. The A + I group had higher L-Kynurenine/L-Tryptophan ratios than patients with long-term dental amalgam fillings alone (A). In addition, levels of IL-1 Beta cytokine, CX3CL1 and MCP-1 chemokines were higher in the A + I group than in the A group (A). The increased L-kyn/L-trp ratio and MCP-1 and fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1) elevations could suggest enhanced chemotactic responses by these chemokines in the A + I group.Item Can Carob-Fruit-Extract-Enriched Meat Improve the Lipoprotein Profile, VLDL-Oxidation, and LDL Receptor Levels Induced by an Atherogenic Diet in STZ-NAD-Diabetic Rats?(Nutrients, 2019) Macho González, Adrián; Garcimartín Álvarez, Alba; López-Oliva Muñoz, María Elvira; Ruiz-Roso, Baltasar; Martín de la Torre, Isabel; Bastida Codina, Sara; Benedí González, Juana María; Sánchez Muniz, Francisco JoséCarob fruit extract (CFE) has shown remarkable in vitro antioxidant properties and reduces postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in healthy animals. Development of functional meat products that contain bioactive components are presented as a great nutritional strategy. Until now, the effect of the consumption of restructured meat enriched with CFE in a murine model of diabetes has not been investigated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect on glycemia, lipemia, lipoprotein profile, Ldlr, arylesterase (AE), and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and liver oxidation in streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NAD) growing Wistar diabetic rats fed restructured meat in the frame of a high cholesterol/high saturated-fat diet. In the present study, three groups (D, ED and DE) were fed cholesterol-enriched (1.4% cholesterol and 0.2% cholic acid) and high saturated fat diets (50% of total energy from fats and 20.4% from saturated fatty acids). Rats were subjected to a STZ-NAD administration at the 3rd week. Group D did not receive CFE, while ED and DE rat groups received CFE before and after the diabetic induction, respectively. After eight weeks, D rats showed hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia, an increased amount cholesterol-enriched VLDL (β-VLDL), IDL and LDL particles and triglyceride-enriched HDL. ED and DE partially blocked the hypercholesterolemic induction with respect to D group (p < 0.001) and improved glycemia, cholesterol levels, lipoprotein profile, Ldlr, plasma AE activity and liver oxidation (p < 0.001). Fecal fat, moisture and excretion were higher while dietary digestibility was lower in ED and DE vs. D counterparts (p < 0.0014). In conclusion, CFE enriched meat shows, for the first time, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in STZ-NAD animals fed high cholesterol/high saturated-fat diets. Likewise, it manages to reverse possible diabetes lipoprotein alterations if CFE enriched meat is consumed before pathology development or improves said modifications if Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is already established.Item The Influence of Cellulose Ethers on the Physico-Chemical Properties, Structure and Lipid Digestibility of Animal Fat Emulsions Stabilized by Soy Protein(Foods, 2022) Cofrades, Susana; Saiz, Arancha; Pérez-Mateos, Miriam; Garcimartín Álvarez, Alba; Redondo-Castillejo, Rocío; Bocanegra De Juana, Aranzazu; Benedí González, Juana María; Álvarez, María DoloresThis study explores the influence of carboxymethylcelullose (CMC) and methylcelullose (MC), added by simultaneous (sim) and sequential (seq) emulsification methods, on the structure, rheological parameters and in vitro lipid digestibility of pork lard O/W emulsions stabilized by soy protein concentrate (SPC). Five emulsions (SPC, SPC/CMC-sim, SPC/CMC-seq SPC/MC-sim, SPC/MC-seq) were prepared in vitro. The presence of CMC and MC, and the stage of incorporation affected the emulsion microstructure. In the SPC emulsion, lipid droplets were entrapped by a protein layer that was thicker when MC was added, providing greater resistance against environmental stresses during gastrointestinal digestion. At 37 °C, CMC incorporation produced a structural reinforcement of the SPC emulsion, whereas MC addition did not affect the network rigidity, although a delaying effect on the crossover temperature was observed, which was more evident in SPC/MC–seq. The presence and stage of CMC and MC incorporation affected the rate and extent of lipolysis, with SPC/MC-seq presenting an inferior concentration of free fatty acids. The lower extent of lipolysis observed in SPC/MC-seq may be positive in the manufacture of animal fat products in which reduced fatty acid absorption is intended.