Person: Ochando González, María Dolores
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First Name
María Dolores
Last Name
Ochando González
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Ciencias Biológicas
Department
Area
Genética
Identifiers
5 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
Item Genetic structure of Spanish populations of Ceratitis capitata revealed by RAPD and ISSR markers: implications for resistance management(Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 2012) Beroiz Remírez, Beatriz; Ortego, Félix; Callejas Hervás, Carmen; Hernández-Crespo, Pedro; Castañera, Pedro; Ochando González, María DoloresThe Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is considered one of the most economically damaging pests of citrus orchards in Spain. The characterization of C. capitata population structure, at a large geographical scale, by using a combination of RAPD and ISSR markers can allow analyzing the genetic variability of this species, and provide some insight in decision making for resistance management, recently recorded in Spain. We compared six Spanish populations along the Mediterranean area (Gerona, Amposta, Tortosa, Castellón, Valencia and Málaga) with populations from other geographical areas where this pest is widely distributed (Africa, Middle East, South America and Atlantic Islands) and two laboratory strains. The results obtained with both types of molecular markers were similar. A dendrogram based on Nei genetic distances showed that all Mediterranean Spanish populations, except the population collected in Gerona, were clearly separated from the rest. However, no clear differentiation among Spanish populations was found, probably as a result of the high levels of gene flow (Nm value of 2.8 for RAPD and 3.9 for ISSR). Implications of these findings on resistance management of C. capitata are discussed.Item Mitochondrial DNA variability in Spanish populations of A. italicus inferred from the analysis of a COI region(Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, 2011) Matallanas, Beatriz; Ochando González, María Dolores; Vivero, Almudena; Beroiz Remírez, Beatriz; Alonso, Fernando; Callejas, Carmen; Callejas Hervás, CarmenAustropotamobius italicus was once widely distributed throughout most of the country’s limestone basins in Spain. But its populations have shown a very strong decline over the last thirty years, due to different factors. Thus, the species now enjoys protection under regional, national and international legislation. Therefore, knowledge of the levels and patterns of distribution of genetic diversity in crayfish populations is critical when making conservation management decisions. In the present work, the current genetic structure of Spanish populations of white-clawed crayfish, A. italicus, was analyzed. Eleven Spanish populations and an Italian sample were studied through an 1184 bp-lentgh sequence of cytochrome oxidase subunit I mitochondrial gene. Data analysis revealed the existence of eight haplotypes in the Iberian Peninsula, the highest diversity reported to date in Spanish crayfish. Also a substantial genetic differentiation among populations was found, with a clear geographic pattern. The genetic variability found in these populations is similar to, and even higher, than that reported in previous studies on other Spanish and European populations of A. italicus. Thus, given the current risk status of the species across its range, this variability in certain populations offers some hope for the species from a management point of view.Item Genetic structure of Spanish white-clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius pallipes) populations as determined by RAPD analysis: reasons for optimism(Aquatic conservation: marine and freshwater ecosystems, 2008) Beroiz Remírez, Beatriz; Callejas Hervás, Carmen; Alonso, Fernando; Ochando González, María Dolores1. Spanish populations of the white-clawed crayfish have declined sharply over the last three decades. Although Austropotamobius pallipes was once widely distributed and very abundant in most of the limestone basins of the country, outbreaks of crayfish plague since 1978 have reduced its populations, and now only some 500–600 small populations are left. 2. Consequently, the species now enjoys protection under national legislation. Management decisions regarding the conservation of a threatened species require an understanding of the genetic structure of its populations. 3. Using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting the genetic variability of 11 populations of A. pallipes was assessed over the species' range in Spain, and their phylogenetic relationships determined. 4. Substantial genetic differentiation was detected among the populations tested; no clear relationship was found between patterns of genetic variability and hydrological basin. The RAPD markers showed the degree of genetic variability of these populations to be similar to, and in some cases slightly higher than, that reported in previous studies on other Spanish and European populations of A. pallipes. 5. The results offer hope for the recovery of this species in Spain, and provide information that might be useful in the management of crayfish reintroduction programmes.Item Preserving the biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems in a scenario of increasing desertification: lessons from genetics(Handbook of Environmental Research, 2010) Beroiz Remírez, Beatriz; Callejas Hervás, Carmen; Ochando González, María Dolores; Alonso, Fernando; Vivero, Almudena; Matallanas, Beatriz; Edelstein, Aurel & Bär, DagmarThe European Union is faced with the challenge of environmental alteration. In recent years, human activities and accelerating climate change have had a great impact in many regions, with the freshwater ecosystems of Mediterranean countries being hit particularly hard. Spain has the greatest biodiversity of Europe. The country’s maritime barriers, the Pyrenees, and its orographic and climatic peculiarities, invest it with its unique biogeographic characteristics, which together have led to the appearance of many endemic freshwater species. However, the freshwater ecosystems of Spain are suffering great modification at the hands of climate change (some Mediterranean regions now receive 20% less rain than a century ago), environmental degradation, habitat fragmentation, the rise in human demand for water, and a range of human activities; together these factors have contributed to a notable increase in the size of Spain’s arid and semiarid regions, and to changes in its biodiversity. The country’s aquatic biodiversity is now threatened, and the Spanish Ministry of the Environment and the Rural and Marine Environments and the Biodiversity Foundation have seen the need to launch several biodiversity conservation programmes. A major goal of such programmes should be to preserve genetic variability. Indeed, knowledge of the levels and patterns of distribution of genetic diversity in populations of freshwater species is critical when making conservation management decisions. Our group is conducting research into the genetic variation, and its distribution, in two cornerstone freshwater groups: the genus Barbus, which has the greatest species diversity of all Iberian fish genera, and the white-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes. The latter was once widely distributed throughout most of the country’s limestone basins; now much more rare, it enjoys protection under regional, national and European legislation. The ecological importance and the conservation interest surrounding the above organisms led us to analyse the genetic variability of their populations over their entire distribution ranges. To obtain as complete a picture as possible, nuclear (RAPD, ISSR) and mitochondrial (coI, cyt b and 16S genes) molecular markers were studied. Evidence is provided suggesting that the genetic variability in barbel species is low. The genetic variation seen for A. Pallipes, however, was slightly higher than expected, allowing some hope of its recovery. We are also generating a genetic database for both groups; this could serve as an aid to managers and policy-makers involved in freshwater conservation.Item Mitochondrial DNA variability in Spanish populations of A. italicus inferred from the analysis of a COI region(Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, 2011) Matallanas, Beatriz; Ochando González, María Dolores; Vivero, Almudena; Beroiz Remírez, Beatriz; Alonso, Fernando; Callejas Hervás, CarmenAustropotamobius italicus was once widely distributed throughout most of the country’s limestone basins in Spain. But its populations have shown a very strong decline over the last thirty years, due to different factors. Thus, the species now enjoys protection under regional, national and international legislation. Therefore, knowledge of the levels and patterns of distribution of genetic diversity in crayfish populations is critical when making conservation management decisions. In the present work, the current genetic structure of Spanish populations of white-clawed crayfish, A. italicus, was analyzed. Eleven Spanish populations and an Italian sample were studied through an 1184 bp-lentgh sequence of cytochrome oxidase subunit I mitochondrial gene. Data analysis revealed the existence of eight haplotypes in the Iberian Peninsula, the highest diversity reported to date in Spanish crayfish. Also a substantial genetic differentiation among populations was found, with a clear geographic pattern. The genetic variability found in these populations is similar to, and even higher, than that reported in previous studies on other Spanish and European populations of A. italicus. Thus, given the current risk status of the species across its range, this variability in certain populations offers some hope for the species from a management point of view.