Person: Ochando González, María Dolores
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First Name
María Dolores
Last Name
Ochando González
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Ciencias Biológicas
Department
Area
Genética
Identifiers
5 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
Item Mitochondrial DNA variability in Spanish populations of A. italicus inferred from the analysis of a COI region(Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, 2011) Matallanas, Beatriz; Ochando González, María Dolores; Vivero, Almudena; Beroiz Remírez, Beatriz; Alonso, Fernando; Callejas, Carmen; Callejas Hervás, CarmenAustropotamobius italicus was once widely distributed throughout most of the country’s limestone basins in Spain. But its populations have shown a very strong decline over the last thirty years, due to different factors. Thus, the species now enjoys protection under regional, national and international legislation. Therefore, knowledge of the levels and patterns of distribution of genetic diversity in crayfish populations is critical when making conservation management decisions. In the present work, the current genetic structure of Spanish populations of white-clawed crayfish, A. italicus, was analyzed. Eleven Spanish populations and an Italian sample were studied through an 1184 bp-lentgh sequence of cytochrome oxidase subunit I mitochondrial gene. Data analysis revealed the existence of eight haplotypes in the Iberian Peninsula, the highest diversity reported to date in Spanish crayfish. Also a substantial genetic differentiation among populations was found, with a clear geographic pattern. The genetic variability found in these populations is similar to, and even higher, than that reported in previous studies on other Spanish and European populations of A. italicus. Thus, given the current risk status of the species across its range, this variability in certain populations offers some hope for the species from a management point of view.Item New information about genetic structure of B. oleae species revealed by ISSR markers(Proceedings of the IOBC/WPRS Working Group "Integrated Protection of Olive Crops", 2012) Callejas Hervás, Carmen; Ochando González, María Dolores; Hernández, Sofía; Matallanas, Beatriz; D. Perdikis, P. Weintraub, A. LucchiThe olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae, is a major pest of olive crops and its expansion isrestricted to the geographic areas where olive trees are grown. The knowledge of the within andbetween populations genetic variability can help to understand the history of a species andmonitoring the origin and spread of invading populations. Such information could be crucial todefine appropriate strategies for eradication or control.In the present work, PCR amplification ofinter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR technique) was applied to the analysis of the geneticvariability of four Iberian populations of B. oleae. Flies from four different geographical areas,representing the Iberian distribution range of the species, were collected by harvesting infestedfruit and allowing the larvae to pupate in the laboratory. Four random primers (817, 820, 820,847, UBC primer set no. 9) were used to assess their genetic variation. The results showconsiderable levels of genetic polymorphism in the analysed samples, ranging from 78.5% to82.1%. Regarding the distribution of this variability, most of the genetic variation was foundwithin populations (92.6%). Likewise, a substantial level of gene flow (5.36) was deduced. Thus,ISSR are highly sensitive markers for variability detection in B. oleae and could help to answerfundamental questions related to the population structure and dynamics of the fly and, hence, toimprove management control.Item Vast gene flow among the spanish populations of the pest Bactrocera oleae (Diptera, Tephritidae), phylogeography of a metapopulation to be controlled and its mediterranean genetic context(Insects, 2022) Lantero, Esther; Matallanas, Beatriz; Ochando González, María Dolores; Callejas Hervás, CarmenSpain is the leading producer of olives and olive oil. Ninety-five percent of world production originate from Spain and other regions of the Mediterranean Basin. However, these olive-growing countries face a major problem, the harmful fly Bactrocera oleae, the main pest of olive crops. To improve its control, one of the challenges is the further knowledge of the species and populations dynamics in this area. A phylogeographic work is necessary to further characterise the levels and distribution patterns of genetic diversity of the Spanish populations and their genetic relationships with other Mediterranean populations. A 1151 bp fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene has been analysed in over 250 specimens of the six main Mediterranean countries via sequencing. Genetic diversity parameters were high; 51 new haplotypes have been identified showing a geographical pattern across the Mediterranean area. The data revealed that olive fruit fly populations have been long time established in the Mediterranean Basin with two genetic groups. Gene flow seems to be the main process in shaping this genetic structure as well as fly’s colonisation routes that have paralleled those of the olive tree.Item Preserving the biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems in a scenario of increasing desertification: lessons from genetics(Handbook of Environmental Research, 2010) Beroiz Remírez, Beatriz; Callejas Hervás, Carmen; Ochando González, María Dolores; Alonso, Fernando; Vivero, Almudena; Matallanas, Beatriz; Edelstein, Aurel & Bär, DagmarThe European Union is faced with the challenge of environmental alteration. In recent years, human activities and accelerating climate change have had a great impact in many regions, with the freshwater ecosystems of Mediterranean countries being hit particularly hard. Spain has the greatest biodiversity of Europe. The country’s maritime barriers, the Pyrenees, and its orographic and climatic peculiarities, invest it with its unique biogeographic characteristics, which together have led to the appearance of many endemic freshwater species. However, the freshwater ecosystems of Spain are suffering great modification at the hands of climate change (some Mediterranean regions now receive 20% less rain than a century ago), environmental degradation, habitat fragmentation, the rise in human demand for water, and a range of human activities; together these factors have contributed to a notable increase in the size of Spain’s arid and semiarid regions, and to changes in its biodiversity. The country’s aquatic biodiversity is now threatened, and the Spanish Ministry of the Environment and the Rural and Marine Environments and the Biodiversity Foundation have seen the need to launch several biodiversity conservation programmes. A major goal of such programmes should be to preserve genetic variability. Indeed, knowledge of the levels and patterns of distribution of genetic diversity in populations of freshwater species is critical when making conservation management decisions. Our group is conducting research into the genetic variation, and its distribution, in two cornerstone freshwater groups: the genus Barbus, which has the greatest species diversity of all Iberian fish genera, and the white-clawed crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes. The latter was once widely distributed throughout most of the country’s limestone basins; now much more rare, it enjoys protection under regional, national and European legislation. The ecological importance and the conservation interest surrounding the above organisms led us to analyse the genetic variability of their populations over their entire distribution ranges. To obtain as complete a picture as possible, nuclear (RAPD, ISSR) and mitochondrial (coI, cyt b and 16S genes) molecular markers were studied. Evidence is provided suggesting that the genetic variability in barbel species is low. The genetic variation seen for A. Pallipes, however, was slightly higher than expected, allowing some hope of its recovery. We are also generating a genetic database for both groups; this could serve as an aid to managers and policy-makers involved in freshwater conservation.Item Mitochondrial DNA variability in Spanish populations of A. italicus inferred from the analysis of a COI region(Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, 2011) Matallanas, Beatriz; Ochando González, María Dolores; Vivero, Almudena; Beroiz Remírez, Beatriz; Alonso, Fernando; Callejas Hervás, CarmenAustropotamobius italicus was once widely distributed throughout most of the country’s limestone basins in Spain. But its populations have shown a very strong decline over the last thirty years, due to different factors. Thus, the species now enjoys protection under regional, national and international legislation. Therefore, knowledge of the levels and patterns of distribution of genetic diversity in crayfish populations is critical when making conservation management decisions. In the present work, the current genetic structure of Spanish populations of white-clawed crayfish, A. italicus, was analyzed. Eleven Spanish populations and an Italian sample were studied through an 1184 bp-lentgh sequence of cytochrome oxidase subunit I mitochondrial gene. Data analysis revealed the existence of eight haplotypes in the Iberian Peninsula, the highest diversity reported to date in Spanish crayfish. Also a substantial genetic differentiation among populations was found, with a clear geographic pattern. The genetic variability found in these populations is similar to, and even higher, than that reported in previous studies on other Spanish and European populations of A. italicus. Thus, given the current risk status of the species across its range, this variability in certain populations offers some hope for the species from a management point of view.