Person:
Ramos Alonso, Eva

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First Name
Eva
Last Name
Ramos Alonso
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/80441
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Veterinaria
Department
Farmacología y Toxicología
Area
Toxicología
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Author: Pita Pita, Rene × Subject: 615.01/.03 ×

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    Melatonin as Modulator for Sulfur and Nitrogen Mustard-Induced Inflammation, Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage: Molecular Therapeutics
    (Antioxidants, 2023) Ramos Alonso, Eva; Gil Martín, Emilio; Ríos, Cristóbal de los; Egea, Javier; López Muñoz, Francisco; Pita Pita, Rene; Juberías, Antonio; Torrado Durán, Juan José; Serrano López, Dolores Remedios; Reiter, Russel J.; Romero Martínez, Manuel Alejandro
    Sulfur and nitrogen mustards, bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide and tertiary bis(2-chloroethyl) amines, respectively, are vesicant warfare agents with alkylating activity. Moreover, oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammatory response induction, metalloproteinases activation, DNA damage or calcium disruption are some of the toxicological mechanisms of sulfur and nitrogen mustard-induced injury that affects the cell integrity and function. In this review, we not only propose melatonin as a therapeutic option in order to counteract and modulate several pathways involved in physiopathological mechanisms activated after exposure to mustards, but also for the first time, we predict whether metabolites of melatonin, cyclic-3-hydroxymelatonin, N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynuramine, and N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine could be capable of exerting a scavenger action and neutralize the toxic damage induced by these blister agents. NLRP3 inflammasome is activated in response to a wide variety of infectious stimuli or cellular stressors, however, although the precise mechanisms leading to activation are not known, mustards are postulated as activators. In this regard, melatonin, through its anti-inflammatory action and NLRP3 inflammasome modulation could exert a protective effect in the pathophysiology and management of sulfur and nitrogen mustard-induced injury. The ability of melatonin to attenuate sulfur and nitrogen mustard-induced toxicity and its high safety profile make melatonin a suitable molecule to be a part of medical countermeasures against blister agents poisoning in the near future.