Person: Martín Duque, José Francisco
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First Name
José Francisco
Last Name
Martín Duque
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Ciencias Geológicas
Department
Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología
Area
Geodinámica Externa
Identifiers
6 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
Item Trabajos presentados en la VI Reunión de la IPA España: preámbulo(Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. Sección Geológica, 2004) Pedraza Gilsanz, Javier de; Carrasco González, Rosa María; Martín Duque, José FranciscoItem Sheet erosion rates determined by using dendrogeomorphological analysis of exposed tree roots: Two examples from Central Spain(Catena, 2005) Bodoque del Pozo, José María; Díez Herrero, Andrés; Martín Duque, José Francisco; Rubiales Jiménez, Juan Manuel; Godfrey, Andrew E.; Pedraza Gilsanz, Javier de; Carrasco González, Rosa María; Sanz Santos, Miguel AngelThis paper describes the determination of sheet erosion rates by using dendrogeomorphological methods on exposed tree roots. Two sites on the northern slope of the Guadarrama Mountains, Central Spain, were studied: a popular trail in a Scots pine forest (Senda Schmidt, Valsaı´n) growing on granites and gneisses, and an open holm-oak forest on granitic slopes (Monterrubio). These sites were selected because they showed high denudation morphologies due to accelerated soil-erosion processes caused by human influence (trampling by continuous trekking and overgrazing), resulting in exposed roots. The method applied is based on the morphological pattern of roots, defined by the growth-ring series of the sampled roots. In order to confirm the validity of the criteria used and to make the estimations of erosion more accurate, several anatomical indicators of exposed and nonexposed Pinus sylvestris roots were characterized. The study entailed a statistical analysis of exposure time and erosion depth. The influence of environmental factors affecting the variation in velocity of the erosion processes was also examined. With a significance level of 95%, the mean erosion rates were in the range of 1.7–2.6 mm/year (29– 44 t/ha/year) on Senda Schmidt over the last 101 years, and 1.1–1.8 mm/year (19–31 t/ha/year) in Monterrubio over the last 42 years. Using a multifactor analysis of variance, we observed a change in the erosion rates as a function of position on the path along Senda Schmidt. In Monterrubio, however, we reached no significant conclusions, apart from an inverse relationship between erosion and slope gradient that was difficult to interpret. Climate conditions in Senda Schmidt and the accuracy of dating Scots pine indicate that the evaluation on P. sylvestris roots is fairly reliable, which is not the case for oak roots. Although this paper is based on the application of an existing method, its novelty lies in being the first attempt in Spain to estimate dacceleratedT sheet erosion rates (due to recreational activities and overgrazing) using dendrogeomorphological techniques, supplemented by anatomical indicators for P. sylvestris.Item A geomorphological design for the rehabilitation of an abandoned sand quarry in central Spain(Landscape and urban planning, 1998) Martín Duque, José Francisco; Pedraza Gilsanz, Javier de; Díez Herrero, Andrés; Sanz Santos, Miguel Angel; Carrasco González, Rosa MaríaThe article describes, how a geomorphological design based on the original relief architecture (prior to exploitation), can contribute to the ecological and landscape reclamation of an environment affected by a silica sand quarry located in the central area of the Iberian Peninsula (Spain). The reclamation procedure based on this design gives considerable importance to integral geomorphological criteria (morphographic, morphodynamic and morphoevolutionary); this approach is designed to complete the methodologies applied in landscape restorations, by incorporating aspects of morphogenetic dynamics in addition to the already habitual aspects based on geometrical criteria. This proposal also gives rise to a discussion regarding the philosophy underlying environmental and landscape restorations, which often attach too much importance to revegetation processes or to strictly aesthetic considerations without taking into account the long-term evolution of natural systems, which is chie¯y regulated by geomorphoedaphic processes.Item Environmental assessment: Landform Classification for Land Use Planning in Developed Areas: An Example in Segovia Province (Central Spain)(Environmental management, 2003) Martín Duque, José Francisco; Pedraza Gilsanz, Javier de; Sanz Santos, Miguel Angel; Bodoque del Pozo, José María; Godfrey, Andrew E.; Díez Herrero, Andrés; Carrasco González, Rosa MaríaLandform-based physiographic maps, also called land systems inventories, have been widely and successfully used in undeveloped/rural areas in several locations, such as Australia, the western United States, Canada, and the British ex-colonies. This paper presents a case study of their application in a developed semi-urban/suburban area (Segovia, Spain) for land use planning purposes. The paper focuses in the information transfer process, showing how land use decision-makers, such as governments, planners, town managers, etc., can use the information developed from these maps to assist them. The paper also addresses several issues important to the development and use of this information, such as the goals of modem physiography, the types of landform-based mapping products, the problem of data management in developed areas, and the distinctions among data, interpretations, and decisions.Item Hazard Zoning for Landslides Connected to Torrential Floods in the Jerte Valley (Spain) by using GIS Techniques(Natural Hazards, 2003) Carrasco González, Rosa María; Pedraza Gilsanz, Javier de; Martín Duque, José Francisco; Mattera, Massimo; Sanz Santos, Miguel Angel; Bodoque del Pozo, José MaríaThe Jerte Valley is a northeast-southwest tending graben located in the mountainous region of west central Spain (Spanish Central System). Mass movements have been a predominant shaping process on the Valley slopes during the Quaternary. Present day activity is characterized as either ‘first-time failure’ (shallow debris slides and debris flows) or ‘reactivations’ of pre-existing landslides deposits. A delineation of landslide hazard zoning within the Valley has been carried out by using the detailed documentation of a particular event (a debris slide and a sequel torrential flood, which occurred on the Jubaguerra stream gorge), and GIS techniques. The procedure has had four stages, which are: (1) the elaboration of a susceptibility map (spatial prediction) of landslides; (2) the elaboration of a map of ‘restricted susceptibility’ in the particular case of slopes that are connected to streams and torrents (gorges); (3) the elaboration of a digital model which relates the altitude to the occurrence probability of those particular precipitation conditions which characterized the Jubaguerra event and (4) the combination of the probability model with the ‘restricted susceptibility map’, to establish ‘critical zones’ or areas which are more prone to the occurrence of phenomena that have same typology as this one.Item El Macizo de Peñalara (Sistema Central Español). Morfoestructura y modelado(Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. Sección Geológica, 2004) Pedraza Gilsanz, Javier de; Carrasco González, Rosa María; Martín Duque, José Francisco; Sanz Santos, Miguel ÁngelEl Macizo de Peñalara se localiza en el sector central de la Sierra de Guadarrama (Sistema Central Español) y sus cimas sobrepasan en unos 200 m el nivel general de cumbres que presenta aquí 2100 m de cota media absoluta (Fig. 1). En la estructura de bloques (Block mountain) que caracteriza el relieve de esta montaña intraplaca de reactivación Alpina, el Macizo de Peñalara corresponde a una dovela flanqueada por bloques más deprimidos (Fig. 2). Los límites del Macizo están asociados a fallas y, dentro de ellas, destacan las pertenecientes a los sistemas NNE-SSW y NNW-SSE (Fig. 3). La litología dominante del zócalo son ortogneises glandulares (también hay algunos leucocráticos) de edad preordovícica. Localmente aparecen rocas plutónicas (leucogranitos aplíticos) y filonianas (Aplitas) del ciclo hercínico. Los sedimentos de las coberteras mesozoicas (del Cretácico) y cenozoicas (del Paleógeno y Mioceno) y los recubrimientos de mayor entidad (de origen fluvial) se localizan en la fosa o depresión intramontana aledaña de El Paular o Alto Lozoya (Fig. 4). En el Macizo, sin embargo, afloran los materiales del zócalo o aparece recubiertos por Formaciones Superficiales o depósitos reciente (cuaternarios) discontinuos y de poca entidad: es le caso de los depósitos fluvioglaciares y torrenciales de los fondos de las gargantas, los tills de los complejos morrénicos pleistocenos (Fig. 5), y los depósitos de vertiente (aglomerados de bloques o canchales y lenguas de solifluxión) debidos a la actividad periglaciar. En hombreras, rellanos, y planicies de las cimas o de los piedemontes, abundan las depresiones semi-endorreicas (navas, algunas de origen cárstico) donde se producen fenómenos de decantación de finos (limos, arcillas) y reducción (depósitos turbosos). En las cimas y tramos superiores de las laderas, en cotas que superan los 2000 m., hay formaciones de ambiente frío (nivación y ciclos de helada), con signos de actividad. Son surcos o canales de arroyada por fusión nival, flujo de derrubios (debris flow), pedreras de bloques con crestas de imbricación, y suelos estructurados (rosetas, guirnaldas, enlosados) con signos de flujo (Figs. 6 y 7). La magnitud e intensidad de dichos fenómenos, es un tema que se debe investigarse en profundidad y servirá para concretar la idoneidad o no de definir estas áreas como un verdadero ambiente o piso periglaciar.