Person: Martín Duque, José Francisco
Loading...
First Name
José Francisco
Last Name
Martín Duque
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Ciencias Geológicas
Department
Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología
Area
Geodinámica Externa
Identifiers
3 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
Item Dendrogeomorphology in badlands: Methods, case studies and prospects(Catena, 2012) Ballesteros Cánovas, Juan Antonio; Bodoque del Pozo, José María; Lucía Vela, Ana; Martín Duque, José Francisco; Díez Herrero, Andrés; Ruiz Villanueva, Virginia; Rubiales Jiménez, Juan Manuel; Génova Fúster, Mª del MarSoil and vegetation are interacting factors controlling erosion. Soil degradation processes may affect the normal tree and shrub development and inversely, vegetation can modulate the velocity and intensity of soil development or denudation. A dendrogeomorphological approach can be used to study these interactions, allowing to obtain a date and estimate mean or specific erosion rates. This is especially useful in an unrecorded badlands and gullied environments,where the scarce vegetationmay be the only proxy available to quantify the different geomorphic processes which have occurred. This paper provides a fundamental review of the dendrogeomorphological methodology applied to erosion measurement in badlands. Focusing on the response of the vegetation to the geomorphic processes, this paper: (a) describes themethodology developed to estimate erosion rates with exposed roots; (b) shows newadvances through case studies; and finally, (c) discusses future lines of research to reduce methodological uncertainties and for making dendrogeomorphology more widely applicable.Item Restoring earth surface processes through landform design. A 13-year monitoring of a geomorphic reclamation model for quarries on slopes(Earth surface processes and landforms, 2010) Martín Duque, José Francisco; Sanz Santos, Miguel Angel; Bodoque del Pozo, José María; Lucía Vela, Ana; Martín Moreno, CristinaThe application of geomorphic principles to land reclamation after surface mining has been reported in the literature since the mid-1990s, mostly from Australia, Canada and the USA. This paper discusses the reclamation problems of contour mining and quarries on slopes, where steep gradients are prone to both mass movement and water erosion. To address these problems simultaneously, a geomorphic model for reclaiming surface mined slopes is described. Called the ‘highwall–trench– concave slope’ model, it was fi rst applied in the 1995 reclamation of a quarry on a slope (La Revilla) in Central Spain. The geomorphic model does not reproduce the original topography, but has two very different sectors and objectives: (i) the highwall–trench sector allows the former quarry face to evolve naturally by erosion, accommodating fallen debris by means of a trench constructed at the toe of the highwall; (ii) the concave-slope base sector, mimicking the landforms of the surrounding undisturbed landscape, promotes soil formation and the establishment of self-sustaining, functional ecosystems in the area protected from sedimentation by the trench. The model improves upon simple topographic reconstruction, because it rebuilds the surfi cial geology architecture and facilitates re-establishment of equilibrium slopes through the management and control of geomorphic processes. Thirteen years of monitoring of the geomorphic and edaphic evolution of La Revilla reclaimed quarry confi rms that the area is functioning as intended: the highwall is backwasting and material is accumulating at the trench, permitting the recovery of soils and vegetation on the concave slope. However, the trench is fi lling faster than planned, which may lead to run-off and sedimentation on the concave slope once the trench is full. The lesson learned for other scenarios is that the model works well in a twodimensional scheme, but requires a three-dimensional drainage management, breaking the reclaimed area into several watersheds with stream channels.Item Measuring medium-term sheet erosion in gullies from trees: A case study using dendrogeomorphological analysis of exposed pine roots in central Iberia(Geomorphology, 2011) Bodoque del Pozo, José María; Lucía Vela, Ana; Ballesteros Cánovas, Juan Antonio; Martín Duque, José Francisco; Rubiales Jiménez, Juan Manuel; Génova Fúster, Mª del MarThe assessment of gully erosion poses a great challenge because of the complexity and connectivity of the geomorphic processes involved. This study focuses on the quantification of sheet erosion rates in a set of slope gullies located on the northern piedmont of the Guadarrama Mountains (Spanish Central System). In order to delineate accurately the gully areas in which sheet erosion was predominant, the Hydrologic/Erosion Response Unit (HRU/ERU) approach was used and a dendrogeomorphological analysis of exposed tree roots was carried out to quantify sheet erosion rates in one selected HRU/ERU. Identification of the first year of exposure by erosion from anatomical criteria was therefore critical. The 29 samples taken were prepared for anatomical analysis and cross-dated. Anatomical analysis of the samples showed a reduction in the lumen area of earlywood tracheids following root exposure and also, in most cases, a slight increase in growth rings. Moreover, at the end of the ring, latewood tissue and visible annual borders were very clearly defined by several rows of thick-walled tracheids. A non-parametric test was used on the findings derived from this qualitative analysis to objectify determination of the first year of exposure. Estimates of sheet erosion were obtained by dividing the height of eroded soil by the number of years that each root was exposed. The mean value of soil erosion for the entire study site was then determined from statistical inference. Using this procedure, a range of sheet erosion rates between 6.2 and 8.8 mm y−1 (125.2 and 177.8 t ha−1 year−1) was obtained for the dominant HRU/ERU of these gullies in central Iberia. These estimates of eroded soil thickness were adjusted based on the recent finding that root anatomical changes occur prior to their exposure by erosion.