Person: Martín Duque, José Francisco
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First Name
José Francisco
Last Name
Martín Duque
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Ciencias Geológicas
Department
Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología
Area
Geodinámica Externa
Identifiers
3 results
Search Results
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Item Stabilization by geomorphic reclamation of a rotational landslide in an abandoned mine next to the Alto Tajo Natural Park(Engineering Geology, 2019) Zapico, Ignacio; Molina, Antonio; Laronne, Jonathan B.; Sánchez Castillo, Lázaro; Martín Duque, José FranciscoTwo abandoned kaolin mines, surrounding one of the most outstanding natural parks of Spain, the Alto Tajo, have caused frequent environmental impacts. Within these are unstable areas prone to extensive mass movements that influence off-site sediment dynamics over the fluvial system. A waste dump in the Nuria mine obstructing a stream in the center of a valley experienced a rotational landslide. Mass movement between 2012 and 2014 was 0.025–0.026 m day−1. To mitigate the high risk of an earthflow, a novel stabilizing surface drainage technique was implemented. Two remedial valleys designed with fluvial channels were constructed surrounding the landslide main body using natural landform design and regrading, with no need for artificial materials such as concrete or piles. This novel remediation process is generically termed geomorphic reclamation. The specific method applied to this site was GeoFluv with Natural Regrade software. Before (2014) and after geomorphic stabilization (2015–2017), the landslide was monitored using Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) of Difference (DODs) obtained by a Geomorphic Change Detection (GCD) tool. Two modern techniques, Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS), and, Structure from Motion photogrammetry combined with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (SfM-UAV), were used to acquire High-Resolution Topographies (HRTs) from which DEMs were derived. Data analysis and field monitoring results demonstrate that: i) the Nuria mine transformed almost 50% of the upper part of a natural catchment; ii) a waste dump active landslide with a surface rupture <15m posed a high-risk hazard due to its continuous advance; iii) geomorphic reclamation succeeded in stabilizing the landslide during the monitoring period; iv) SfM-UAV-based topographies offer better accuracy and higher resolution, are cheaper and are obtained faster than TLS for mine areas.Item Effects of Topography and Surface Soil Cover on Erosion for Mining Reclamation: The Experimental Spoil Heap at El Machorro Mine (Central Spain)(Land Degradation and Development, 2016) Martín Moreno, Cristina; Martín Duque, José Francisco; Nicolau Ibarra, José Manuel; Hernando Rodríguez, Néstor; Sanz Santos, Miguel Ángel; Sánchez Castillo, LázaroMining reclamation tries to reduce environmental impacts, including accelerated runoff, erosion and sediment load in the nearby fluvial networks and their ecosystems. This study compares the effects of topography and surface soil cover on erosion on man-made slopes coming from surface mining reclamation in Central Spain. Two topographic profiles, linear and concave, with two surface soil covers, subsoil and topsoil, were monitored for two hydrologic years. Sediment load, rill development and plant colonization from the four profiles were measured under field conditions. The results show that, in the case of this experiment, a thick and non-compacted topsoil cover on a linear slope yielded less sediment than carbonate colluvium or topsoil cover on a concave slope. This study also shows that vegetation establishment, which plays an important role in erosion control, depends on topography. Plant cover was more widespread and more homogeneous on linear profiles with topsoil cover. On concave slopes, plant establishment was severely limited on the steepest upper part and favoured in the bottom. This study suggests that management of topography and surface soil cover should be approached systematically, taking three outcomes into consideration: (i) topsoil can lead to a successful mining reclamation regardless of topography, (ii) created concave slopes can lead to a successful mining reclamation and (iii) topography determines the vegetation colonization pattern.Item Evaluation of sedimentation pond performance for a cleaner water production from an open pit mine at the edge of the Alto Tajo Natural Park(Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021) Zapico, Ignacio; Laronne, Jonathan; Meixide, Carmen; Sánchez Castillo, Lázaro; Martín Duque, José FranciscoControlling sediment produced by water erosion is the highest environmental challenge in steep, open pit sand mines located in erosive climates. Although restoration is impractical in active mine areas, sedimentation ponds are the Best Available Technique by the European Union to reduce sediment spillages from these environments. Few studies have described and supported such a solution with high resolution data. The María José mine is one of two active kaolin mines in the mining area of the Alto Tajo Natural Park, a highly erosive setting. It has a complex maintained pond system as a hydrologic and sedimentary control measure. In this landscape, mining can only be sustainable if clean water from production is ensured. The pond system retains sediment and water during a rain event, deposits the sediment, and eventually spills the water under controlled events. The María José spillages have been continuously monitored for suspended sediment concentration and water discharge at the mine outlet since 2012. During four years the efficiency of the pond system varied (96.7–99%), producing an average annual sediment yield of 5.6 Mg ha−1 y−1, a reduction of 98.4% compared with the sediment yield reported for similar local mines having no ponds. A quarter of this sediment was produced under controlled spillages allowing runoff management; the rest during large rainfall events when runoff decreased pond efficiency gives rise to an increase in suspended sediment concentration, as is typical of local natural rivers. Provided continuous maintenance, sediment ponds are shown to be a successful method to produce clean water. Successful pond efficiency implies that a mine produces water and sediment during baseflow conditions, allowing sufficient sediment volume to accumulate during rainstorms.