Person: Medina Bujalance, Rafael
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First Name
Rafael
Last Name
Medina Bujalance
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Ciencias Biológicas
Department
Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución
Area
Botánica
Identifiers
6 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
Item Unnoticed diversity within the disjunct moss Orthotrichum tenellum s.l. validated by morphological and molecular approaches(Taxon, 2013) Medina Bujalance, Rafael; Francisco Lara; Bernard Goffinet; Ricardo Garilleti; Vicente MazimpakaTransoceanic disjunctions are thought to be common in species of bryophytes. While much effort focuses on identifying the causes of these disjunctions, few studies test the assumption that the disjunct populations are conspecific. The moss Orthotrichum tenellum is considered to be disjunct between western North America and the western Old World. A thorough morphological revision together with molecular analyses using four plastid (atpB-rbcL, rps4, trnG, trnL-F) and two nuclear loci (adk, ort-LFY) reveals that this putative taxon is composed of six well-supported species, each of them diagnosable by morphological and phylogenetic criteria. Furthermore, these species, which were previously treated as a single, morphologically variable taxon, belong to different lineages within the genus and are the result of separated evolutionary histories. Only two of them (O. tenellum s.str., O. norrisii) are sister species that may have resulted from speciation following a transatlantic disjunction. Today, all species are either restricted to the Old World (i.e., O. tenellum s.str., O. comosum sp. nov.) or endemic to North America (i.e., O. coulteri, O. norrisii, O cucullatum sp. nov., O. franciscanum sp. nov.). This work emphasizes the relevance of integrative approaches to solve taxonomic problems and to provide more solid bases for biodiversity assessment.Item Epiphytic bryophytes in harsh environments: theJuniperus thuriferaforests(Journal of Bryology, 2010) Medina Bujalance, Rafael; Francisco Lara; Belén Albertos; Isabel Draper; Ricardo Garilleti; Vicente MazimpakaThe forests of Juniperus thurifera are peculiar ecosystems that typically grow on mountains and highplateaux of the western Mediterranean basin with dry and continental climates. Some previous surveys suggested that these forests house a rather distinctive epiphytic bryophyte flora. Epiphytic bryophyte communities were systematically sampled in 19 representative juniper forests, for the first time spanning all the distribution area of this conifer. The flora consists of 44 species (32 acrocarpous mosses, 10 pleurocarpous mosses and 2 liverworts). Orthotrichum species are the most frequent and abundant in most of the sampled localities, including some uncommon taxa such as Orthotrichum vittii which shows a clear association with J. thurifera. Epiphytic bryophyte communities on this species were highly homogeneous, although they can be arranged into different groups in response to environmental conditions. Typically, the epiphytic communities of the Mediterranean juniper forests comprise a distinct combination of xerophytic taxa that enhances the interest of these ecosystems and provides new fields for their research and conservation.Item Orthotrichum pilosissimum (Orthotrichaceae), a new moss from arid areas of Nevada with unique axillary hairs(Bryologist, 2011) Medina Bujalance, Rafael; Francisco Lara; Vicente Mazimpaka; James R. Shevock; Ricardo GarilletiOrthotrichum pilosissimum is described from herbarium material and recently collected specimens in the state of Nevada. Its specific epithet refers to the diagnostic hyper-developed axillary hairs, which are frequently longer than 1 mm, multiseriate and branched, covering most of the stems surface and sometimes protruding from the foliose shoots. These hairs are not only unique in the genus but also among mosses, providing a reliable diagnostic character for the new taxon. Additional gametophytic and sporophytic characters that contribute to its taxonomic delimitation are also given.Item Origin and fate of the single‐island endemic moss Orthotrichum handiense(Journal of Biogeography, 2013) Jairo Patiño; Medina Bujalance, Rafael; Alain Vanderpoorten; Juana M. González‐Mancebo; Olaf Werner; Nicolas Devos; Rubén G. Mateo; Francisco Lara; Rosa M. Ros; Peter LinderAim. Our aims were: to determine the evolutionary origin of the single-island endemic moss Orthotrichum handiense; to assess whether its endemicity results from a recent origin or founder event, a loss of dispersal ability, specific habitat requirements, or contraction of a formerly wider range; and to make predictions about its ability to face ongoing climate change. Location. Fuerteventura, Canary Islands. Methods. The evolutionary origin of O. handiense was determined by phylogenetic analysis and molecular dating. The spatial genetic structure and demographic history of 48 individuals of O. handiense were analysed with inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers through analyses of molecular variance, Mantel tests, mismatch distributions and bottleneck analyses. The macroclimatic envelope of the species was modelled using an ensemble approach of eight species distribution models, and its suitable areas predicted for extant, past (21 ka) and future (2050, 2080) conditions. Results. Orthotrichum handiense was resolved as sister to the Californian O. underwoodii and their most recent common ancestor was dated to early Miocene–Pliocene. ISSR analyses revealed extremely low levels of genetic diversity and provided evidence for a recent bottleneck and for isolation-by-distance at the local scale. The different models investigated all pointed to the mismatch between the limited extant distribution and the extent of macroclimatically suitable areas. All models predicted climatic unsuitability on Fuerteventura and Lanzarote at 21 ka, but were conflicting in other areas. A dramatic reduction and loss of suitable areas were predicted for 2050 and 2080, respectively. Main conclusions The phylogenetic position of O. handiense points to a long-distance dispersal event from a western North American ancestor and emphasizes the differences in the origin of Macaronesian endemic bryophytes and angiosperms. The predicted absence of suitable macroclimatic conditions in Fuerteventura at 21 ka supports the hypothesis of a palaeoendemic origin and a recent founder event in Fuerteventura, consistent with the low levels of genetic diversity and with evidence for a recent bottleneck. While the biogeographical history of the species hence involves major dispersal events over periods of tens of thousands of years, its ability to respond quickly to predicted climate change during the next few decades is questioned.Item On the priority of Orthotrichum cylindrocarpum over O. coulteri and Lesquereux's early vindication of an autonomous American bryology(Taxon, 2019) Medina Bujalance, Rafael; Francisco Lara; Bernard Goffinet; Ricardo Garilleti; Vicente MazimpakaIn a recent revision of the Orthotrichum tenellum complex, the authors erroneously concluded that the name O. coulteri predated the supposed synonym O. cylindrocarpum. This confusion was due to incongruent publication dates reported in the literature and lack of evidence of effective publication of the latter. Here, we demonstrate that the name O. cylindrocarpum was indeed published a few months before O. coulteri based on correspondence by the authorities and dated reprints. The almost simultaneous publication of both names occurred during a period in which some early American bryologists advocated that the discovery of new species from North America should be reported by them and not by their European colleagues.Item A new look at Orthotrichum scanicum Grönvall (Orthotrichaceae, Bryophyta)(Journal of Bryology, 2009) Medina Bujalance, Rafael; Ricardo Garilleti; Vicente Mazimpaka; Francisco LaraOrthotrichum scanicum Grönvall has been considered a European endemic whose main range corresponded to the central and northern region of the continent, and it is currently included in the 2007 IUCN World Red List as Vulnerable. However, a large number of recent reports and the examination of herbarium specimens have remarkably expanded the limits of its area in the Mediterranean and Caucasian regions. Additionally, the revision of the original collections of Orthotrichum holmenii from Kazakhstan shows that this taxon is conspecific with O. scanicum. An updated description of the species comprising the known range of its morphological variability is provided, and its exclusion from the World Red List is suggested.