Person:
Fernández Castillo, Jesús

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First Name
Jesús
Last Name
Fernández Castillo
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/76208
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Ciencias Químicas
Department
Química Física
Area
Química Física
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2020 - 20233
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Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    A diet based on cured acorn-fed ham with oleic acid content promotes antiinflammatory gut microbiota and prevents ulcerative colitis in an animal model
    (Lipids in Health and Disease, 2020) Fernández Castillo, Jesús; García de la Fuente, V.; Fernández García, M. T.; Gómez Sánchez, J.; Isabel Redondo, Beatriz; Villar, C. J.; Lombó, F.; Springer Nature
    Background: Diets based on meat products are not recommended in the case of ulcerative colitis (UC). The objective here is to test if some traditional cured meat products, as acorn-fed ham (high levels of oleic acid), may be useful for controlling inflammatory diseases as UC in animal models, which could represent a new dietary complementary intervention in the prevention of this inflammatory disease in humans. Methods: Two rat cohorts have been used: conventional vegetable rat feed and acorn-fed ham. UC was induced with DSS in drinking water ad libitum for 1 week. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and 16S rRNA metagenomics from bacterial populations were analyzed in cecum samples. Colon samples were analyzed for histological parameters. Results: Acorn-fed ham diet induced changes in gut microbiota composition, with pronounced enrichments in anti-inflammatory bacterial genera (Alistipes, Blautia, Dorea, Parabacteroides). The animals with this diet showed a strong reduction in most parameters associated to ulcerative colitis: disease activity index, macroscopic score of colitis, epitelium alteration in colon mucosa, inflammatory cell density in colon, myeloperoxidase titers in colon, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-17, IFN-γ). Also, acorn-fed ham diet animals showed increased total antioxidant activity an oleic acid levels in plasma, as well as higher short-chain fatty acid concentrations in cecum (isobutyric, isovaleric and valeric). Conclusions: In the acorn-fed ham cohort, as a result of the dietary intake of oleic acid and low intake of omega-6 fatty acids, a strong preventive effect against UC symptoms was observed. Keywords: Oleic acid, Acorn-fed ham, Gut microbiota, Ulcerative colitis, Antiiflammatory
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    Wind and turbulence relationship with NO_(2) in an urban environment: a fine-scale observational analysis
    (Urban Climate, 2023) Román-Cascón, Carlos; Yagüe Anguis, Carlos; Ortiz-Corral, Pablo; Serrano, Encarna; Sanchez, Beatriz; Sastre Marugán, Mariano; Maqueda Burgos, Gregorio; Alonso-Blanco, Elizabeth; Artiñano, Begoña; Gómez-Moreno, F.J.; Fernández Castillo, Jesús; Diaz-Ramiro, Elias; Martilli, Alberto; García, A. M.; Núñez, A.; Cordero, Jose María; Narros, Adolfo; Borge, Rafael
    It is well known that meteorology plays an important role in the diurnal evolution of pollutants, especially those variables related to atmospheric dispersion. Most studies typically relate the concentration of some pollutants with wind speed from conventional anemometers; however, the use of turbulence variables is less common, in part because the needed instruments are not so typical in standard air-quality stations. In this work, we compare the wind-NO2 relationship with the turbulence-NO2 one using observational data from two field campaigns developed in Madrid (winter and summer). The turbulence data comes from two sonic anemometers deployed at different locations: one close to the street and the other at the top of a nearby tall building. The results indicate that the turbulent variables correlate better with the pollutant concentration than the wind speed when using data from the street sonic, while the contrary is found when using the terrace sonic. These data are also used to perform a fine-scale analysis of the turbulent diffusion-NO2 behaviour during a very-stable period in winter, when the turbulence typically shows a decrease in the evening transition, causing the highestNO2 concentrations. Conversely, under these conditions, the formation of thermally-driven winds is also favoured later in the night, which favours the pollutant dispersion and cleaning of the air. The important role of these dynamical processes on the NO2 evolution highlights the importance of the correct understanding of small-scale atmospheric processes to understand their relationship with the concentration of pollutants.
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    Project number: 192
    Digitalización del laboratorio de Química Física I en tiempos de COVID-19
    (2021) Guerrero Martínez, Andrés; Díaz Blanco, Cristina; Sánchez Benítez, Francisco Javier; Caselli, Niccolo; Aoiz Moleres, Francisco Javier; Fernández Castillo, Jesús; González MacDowel, Luis; Guzmán Solís, Eduardo; Menéndez Carbajosa, Alicia Marta; Suardíaz Delrío, Reynier; Verdasco Costales, Juan Enrique; Marggi Poullaín, Sonia