Person:
Benito De Las Heras, Manuel R.

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First Name
Manuel R.
Last Name
Benito De Las Heras
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/77703
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Farmacia
Department
Bioquímica y Biología Molecular
Area
Bioquímica y Biología Molecular
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    Severe Hepatic Insulin Resistance Induces Vascular Dysfunction: Improvement by Liver-Specific Insulin Receptor Isoform A Gene Therapy in a Murine Diabetic Model
    (Cells, 2021) Gómez Hernández, María De La Almudena; Heras Jiménez, Natalia De Las; López-Pastor, Andrea R.; García-Gómez, Gema; Infante-Menéndez, Jorge; González-López, Paula; González-Illanes, Tamara; Lahera Julia, Vicente; Benito De Las Heras, Manuel R.; Escribano Illanes, Óscar
    Background: Cardiovascular dysfunction is linked to insulin-resistant states. In this paper, we analyzed whether the severe hepatic insulin resistance of an inducible liver-specific insulin receptor knockout (iLIRKO) might generate vascular insulin resistance and dysfunction, and whether insulin receptor (IR) isoforms gene therapy might revert it. Methods: We studied in vivo insulin signaling in aorta artery and heart from iLIRKO. Vascular reactivity and the mRNA levels of genes involved in vascular dysfunction were analyzed in thoracic aorta rings by qRT-PCR. Finally, iLIRKO mice were treated with hepatic-specific gene therapy to analyze vascular dysfunction improvement. Results: Our results suggest that severe hepatic insulin resistance was expanded to cardiovascular tissues. This vascular insulin resistance observed in aorta artery from iLIRKO mice correlated with a reduction in both PI3K/AKT/eNOS and p42/44 MAPK pathways, and it might be implicated in their vascular alterations characterized by endothelial dysfunction, hypercontractility and eNOS/iNOS levels’ imbalance. Finally, regarding long-term hepatic expression of IR isoforms, IRA was more efficient than IRB in the improvement of vascular dysfunction observed in iLIRKO mice. Conclusion: Severe hepatic insulin resistance is sufficient to produce cardiovascular insulin resistance and dysfunction. Long-term hepatic expression of IRA restored the vascular damage observed in iLIRKO mice.
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    Human amylin aggregates release within exosomes as a protective mechanism in pancreatic β cells: Pancreatic β-hippocampal cell communication
    (BBA - Molecular Cell Research, 2021) Burillo Maldonado, Jesús; Fernández Rhodes, M.; Piquero, M.; López-Alvarado Gutiérrez, María Pilar; Menéndez Ramos, José Carlos; Jiménez, B.; González Blanco, C.; Marqués, P.; Guillén Viejo, Carlos; Benito De Las Heras, Manuel R.
    Pancreatic β cells are essential in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis during the progression to type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), generating compensatory hyperinsulinemia to counteract insulin resistance. It is well known, that throughout the process there is an increased mTORC1 signaling pathway, with an impairment in different quality control systems including ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy. In addition, under this situation, pancreatic β cells start to accumulate amylin protein (IAPP) in aggregates, and this accumulation contributes to the failure of autophagy, damaging different organelles such as plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and others. Here, we report that IAPP can be incorporated to multivesicular bodies (MVB) and secreted into exosomes, a mechanism responsible for the exportation of these toxic aggregates as vehicles of cell to cell communication. On this regard, we have demonstrated that the exosomes bearing toxic hIAPP released from pancreatic β cells are capable to induce hyperactivation of mTORC1 signaling, a failure in the autophagic cellular quality control, and favor pro-fission status of the mitochondrial dynamics in hippo-campal cells. In summary, our results show that harmful accumulation of hIAPP in pancreatic β cells may be detoxified by the release of exosomes, which may be captured by endocytosis mechanism damaging neuronal hippocampal cells, which suggest an underlying molecular mechanism to the link between type 2 diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases.