Person:
Muñoz Martín, Alfonso

First Name

Alfonso

Last Name

Muñoz Martín

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/75220

Affiliation

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Faculty / Institute

Ciencias Geológicas

Department

Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología

Area

Geodinámica Interna

Identifiers

Full item page

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 10 of 113

Sobre el origen de la asimetría en el patrón general del relieve en el interior de la Península Ibérica: nuevos resultados obtenidos mediante modelación análoga
(Geogaceta, 2010) Fernández Lozano, Javier; Sokoutis, Dimitrios; Willingshofer, Ernst; Muñoz Martín, Alfonso; De Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo; Cloetingh, Sierd
Analogue modelling contributes to the interpretation of lithosphere scale folds in Iberia as a result of largescale convergence during Oligocene-Miocene times between the Iberian and European Plates. Different tectonothermal events affected the microplate since late Paleozoic and resulted in lateral strength variations of the Iberian lithosphere. An old and cold lithosphere, Variscan in age, can be found in the westernmost part of Iberia whereas a relative weak and hot Mesozoic lithosphere affected by episodes of rifting and basin inversion during Mesozoic- Tertiary times covers the area of the Iberian Chain. Our study aims at deciphering whether deformation and topography evolution in Iberia are related to lateral strength variations and/or the inherited structural grain stemming from Variscan deformation. We also have studied the strength of the lithosphere to gain insights into the effects of rheological variations related to local thrusting or primary strength variations along the Iberian lithosphere.
Controles tectónicos y estructurales de la incisión fluvial en el centro-oeste de la Cuenca del Duero, NO de Iberia
(Geogaceta, 2007) Antón López, Loreto; Muñoz Martín, Alfonso
The present work approaches incision rates quantification of Duero River in the central- west par t of Iberia and implications of tectonics in the evolution and change of drainage patterns. For this aim we calculate incision rates from the two main geomorphological surfaces defined in the area. Comparing fluvial incision rates and fracture pattern a strong structural control is shown; either in the orientation of drainage network, either in the incision rates distribution. Drainage pattern shows two main orientations, NW-SE following the hercinian structure of the area and NE-SW to N-S matching with the main fracture sets (Duero, Almendra, Almeida-Valderaduey faults, as example). Fluvial incision is mostly controlled by the great faults and faults systems NE-SW to N-S oriented.
Aplicación del método de resistividades con SEV para la caracterización hidrogeológica de la cuenca de Dajla (Argelia)
(Geogaceta, 2010) Torres López, Sara; Muñoz Martín, Alfonso; Jiménez Díaz, Alberto; Ahmed, Baba; De lorenzo, Javier; García López, Cristina; Olaiz Campos, Antonio José
The aim of this study is the hydrogeological exploration and characterization using Geophisical surveying in the vicinity of Dakhla Basin (Algeria). To that end, it has been used the method of resistivities through Vertical Electric Sounding (VES) on a campaign carried out in April 2009. The work included 19 VES, which have been calibrated with existing wells and with field geological observations. The results have allowed the characterization of Tertiary deposits as well as Ordovician sandstones. With these data, it has been possible to identify the position and thickness of a shallow salty aquifer, and the roof of a deep freshwater aquifer developed on the Ordovician sandstones. The integration of the geometry of the aquifers with the resistivity values obtained in the Ordovician sandstones has allowed the location of a favorable area for the situation of a new well.
Quantifying the erosional impact of a continental-scale drainage capture in the Duero Basin, northwest Iberia
(Quaternary Research, 2018) Antón López, Loreto; Muñoz Martín, Alfonso; De Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo
Formerly closed drainage basins provide exceptional settings for quantifying fluvial incision and landscape dissection at different time scales. Endorheic basins trap all the sediment eroded within the watershed, which allows estimates of post–basin opening erosion patterns. The Duero Basin was a former closed basin and is presently drained by the Duero River into the Atlantic Ocean. During the Cenozoic, the basin experienced a long endorheic period, marked by the formation of continental carbonates and evaporites. The retrogressive erosion of the Atlantic drainage coming from the Portuguese coast subsequently captured the internal drainage, and significant fluvial dissection occurred. Presently, the basin contains a relatively well-preserved sedimentary fill. Gridding and surface fitting in this paper provide the first attempt to reconstruct the surface of the top of the former endorheic sedimentary sequence to quantify the erosional impact of the basin opening. At least 2251±524 km3 of sediment was removed from the formerly closed basin following the start of exorheism. This volume represents a mean basin-surface lowering of 65±13 m. Erosion estimates and landscape dissection patterns are consistent with geologic evidence of progressive establishment of an outward drainage system.
Evolución geodinámica del borde oriental de la cuenca del Tajo desde el Oligoceno hasta la actualidad
(2003) Muñoz Martín, Alfonso; Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo de
La integración y aplicación combinada de técnicas y metodologías clásicas e innovadoras de análisis estructural y tectónico en el borde oriental de la cuenca del tajo, ha permitido establecer su evolución geodinámica en tres etapas principales desde el oligoceno hasta la actualidad, cada una de las cuales esta caracterizada por un campo de paleoesfuerzos de tipo compresivo. Esta evolución ha sido establecida mediante una comparación cuantitativa de los datos de acortamiento calculados en las estructuras, el análisis cinemático y dinámico de las mismas, y la elaboración de los modelos numéricos para comprobar la viabilidad de las hipótesis/propuestas finalmente, se ha realizado una integración de todos estos datos en un modelo evolutivo, incluyendo la revisión de los modelos previos y la evolución cinemática del mediterráneo occidental desde el oligoceno hasta la actualidad.
Una década de investigación sobre el geopotencial
(Investigación y ciencia, 2011) Catalán, Manuel; Muñoz Martín, Alfonso
Relationship between the fractal dimension anisotropy of the spatial faults distribution and the paleostress fields on a Variscan granitic massif (Central Spain): the F-parameter
(Journal of Structural Geology, 2005) Pérez López, Raúl; Paredes, Carlos; Muñoz Martín, Alfonso
The spatial distribution of faults is usually described as a fractal set characterised by the fractal dimension. In this work, we have filtered fault patterns interpreted from digital elevation models, aerial photographs and field maps, by using structural geological parameters of the stress ellipsoid (stress tensor direction and stress ratio R0) and age of deformation. From these filtered structural maps, we have obtained the fractal dimension associated with the fracture patterns developed during Permo-Triassic and Alpine tectonic events on a Variscan granitic massif located in the Spanish Central System. Oriented fractal dimensions were calculated on several transects crossing the fault-filtered maps. The fractal dimension (D), calculated by 1-D box-counting, describes an ellipse on a polar plot with the short axis as the minimum value (DHmin) and the long axis as the maximum value (DHmax) of the fractal dimensions measured. From these analyses, we have defined the F-parameter as a function of the maximum value, minimum value and vertical value of fractal dimension (Dz), FZ(DzKDHmin)/(DHmaxK DHmin). Finally we have established, from a local scale analysis, a perpendicular relationship between the principal axes of the ellipse of the fractal spatial anisotropy of fractures and the principal axes of the stress tensor (sHmax, sHmin and sz) that generates this dynamic pattern of fractures. Furthermore, the F-parameter and the stress ratio R0 are equivalents and, applied in this area, both show a triaxial extension.
Erosión minera en la cuenca del arroyo Peñalén (Parque Natural del Alto Tajo, Guadalajara)
(Comprendiendo el relieve: del pasado al futuro, 2016) Martín Moreno, Cristina; Martín Duque, José Francisco; Nicolau Ibarra, José Manuel; Muñoz Martín, Alfonso
Análisis de la estructura alpina de la corteza del centro de la Península Ibérica: Una sección Magneto-Telúrica a través del Sistema Central (Sierra de Gredos)
(Geotemas, 2012) Pous, Jaume; Muñoz Martín, Alfonso; Olaiz Campos, Antonio José; Seillé, H.; De Vicente Muñoz, Gerardo
We present a magnetotelluric profile across the Duero basin, the Central System and the Madrid basin, acquired in the framework of the TOPO-IBERIA project. The MT profile consists of 24 magnetotelluric sites over a 200 km, NS oriented profile. Five components were measured with periods ranging from 0.001 s to 500s. The dimensional analysis reveals a dominant E-W direction and 2D joint inversion of apparent resistivity, phases and tipper was carried out. The inverse resistivity model obtained has been compared with other geological and geophysical data, and it shows a resistive and homogeneous crust that extends towards the Duero basin. The main conductive anomalies are elongated and inclined bodies that are related with the main big–scale Alpine thrusts. Other superficial conductive bodies are related with the tertiary sedimentary basins. [RESUMEN]Este trabajo muestra un nuevo perfil magnetotelúrico (MT) a través del la cuenca del Duero, el Sistema central y la Cuenca de Madrid, adquirido dentro del proyecto TopoIberia. El Perfil MT consiste en 24 sondeos a lo largo de 200 km con una orientación NS. En cada sondeo se han medido cinco componentes con periodos de 0.001 a 500 s. El análisis dimensional revela una dirección dominante E-O y se ha realizado una inversión conjunta en 2D de las resistividades aparentes, fases y tipper. El modelo de resistividades obtenido ha sido comparado con otros datos geológicos y geofísicos, y muestra una estructura cortical homogénea y resistiva que se prolonga hacia la cuenca del Duero. En esta corteza aparecen cuerpos conductores inclinados y alargados en profundidad asociados a grandes cabalgamientos alpinos. Otros cuerpos conductores superficiales están claramente relacionados con las cuencas sedimentarias terciarias
Exceptional river gorge formation from unexceptional floods
(Nature Communications, 2015) Antón López, Loreto; Mather, A.E.; Stokes, M.; Muñoz Martín, Alfonso
An understanding of rates and mechanisms of incision and knickpoint retreat in bedrock rivers is fundamental to perceptions of landscape response to external drivers, yet only sparse field data are available. Here we present eye witness accounts and quantitative surveys of rapid, amphitheatre-headed gorge formation in unweathered granite from the overtopping of a rock-cut dam spillway by small-moderate floods (B100–1,500m3 s�1). The amount of erosion demonstrates no relationship with flood magnitude or bedload availability. Instead, structural pattern of the bedrock through faults and joints appears to be the primary control on landscape change. These discontinuities facilitate rapid erosion (4270m headward retreat; B100m incision; and B160m widening over 6 years) principally through fluvial plucking and block topple. The example demonstrates the potential for extremely rapid transient bedrock erosion even when rocks are mechanically strong and flood discharges are moderate. These observations are relevant to perceived models of gorge formation and knickpoint retreat.