Person:
Rescia Perazzo, Alejandro Javier

First Name

Alejandro Javier

Last Name

Rescia Perazzo

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/74421

Affiliation

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Faculty / Institute

Ciencias Biológicas

Department

Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución

Area

Ecología

Identifiers

Full item page

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9

Project number: 255
Renovación de las prácticas de Ecología: Aprendiendo Ecología Acuática
(2022) Sánchez Montoya, María Mar; Rovira Sanroque, José Vicente; Ortega Quero, Marta; Acosta Gallo, Belén; López Pintor, Antonio; Andivia, Enrique; Herrero Méndez, Asier; Concepción Cuevas, Elena Daniela; Delgado Sáez, Juan Antonio; García Fungairiño, Sara; Schmitz García, María Fe; Rescia Perazzo, Alejandro Javier; Martín Zorrilla, Juan Vicente; Gómez Juaristi, Miren; Rodríguez Sousa, Antonio Alberto; Luque Martín, Yaiza; Herrero Jaúregui, Cristina
Relationship between landscape structure and abundance of airborne beneficial arthropods in an olive agro-ecosystem
(Iobc Wprs Bulletin, 2017) Pascual, Susana; Rescia Perazzo, Alejandro Javier; Sánchez Ramos, Ismael; González Núñez, Manuel; Ortega Quero, Marta
Some of the groups of beneficial arthropods present in the olive grove canopy are hoverflies, hymenopteran parasitoids and bees. In this research we test the hypothesis that the abundance of these groups in olive groves increases with increasing landscape complexity. In spring 2015 and 2016 we determined the abundance of the beneficial insect groups in 15 olive groves by identification of insects captured on 4 yellow sticky traps in each olive grove. Indices of landscape structure were calculated in circular areas with radii ranging from 250 to 1500 m around the 15 olive groves selected. Preliminary results indicate that in both sampling dates, the abundance of hoverflies was negatively correlated with the patch size of the olive grove, but positively correlated with the total area of scrublands and oak forests and with the diversity index of land uses. The abundance of hymenopteran parasitoids and bees was also positively correlated with the total area of scrublands with oak, in both years, but negatively correlated with the patch size of olive groves in the case of bees. Not all these relationships were significant at all radii and years analysed. These results indicate that intermingling of spontaneous vegetation with olive groves favours the presence of beneficial arthropods.
Spatial structure of olive groves and scrublands affects Bactrocera oleae abundance: a multi-scale analysis
(Basic and Applied Ecology, 2016) Ortega Quero, Marta; Pascual, S.; Rescia Perazzo, Alejandro Javier
Environmentally friendly measures are needed to achieve natural pest control. A relationship between landscape structure and Bactrocera oleae, the main olive grove pest, indicated a general association between complex landscapes and reduced abundance of the insect. In this work we have characterised the relationship between spatial structure of specific land uses and the olive fruit fly abundance at different scales (from 600 to 2000 m radius). We paid special attention to the dominant land use in the studied area, the olive crop, and the surrounding natural land uses. In the landscape analysed the spatial arrangement of olive and scrubland patches showed a gradient of situations from areas with an abundance of olive area distributed in very few patches close to each other to landscapes with less olive area arranged in many patches and with larger scrubland areas. Linear mixed-effects models showed that the abundance of B. oleae is positively related to the proximity of olive patches at all studied scales. However, other landscape characteristics (total area of olive groves and scrublands) were differentially related to pest abundance depending on considered scales. According to the obtained results it is advisable to plan olive groves at a 1000–1500 m radius spatial scale, in which the role of scrublands regarding B. oleae population is favoured. The best planning option for the olive grove landscape is discussed in the “Land sharing-Land sparing” context.
Effects of landscape structure on abundance and family richness of hymenopteran parasitoids in the olive agroecosystem
(Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 2022) Pascual, Susana; Rescia Perazzo, Alejandro Javier; Ayca Ondul, Busra; Paul, Cesar; Ortega Quero, Marta
Farming systems maintain ecosystem services related to arthropod biodiversity, which need to be understood for its effective conservation. Some of these arthropods may also be enemies of crop pests. It has been shown that farming systems surrounded by other types of natural or semi-natural land covers/uses are less affected by pests. The abundance and richness of hymenopteran parasitoid (HP) families in olive groves were analysed along a gradient of complexity of the landscape surrounding these agroecosystems. The working hypothesis was that landscape structure is related to the abundance and richness of HP families. Through principal component analysis of samples analysed in 15 olive groves during the springs and autumns of 2015 and 2016, we found that a higher richness of HP families is associated to simple landscapes with olive grove predominance and a lower richness in landscapes with higher diversity of land uses. The most abundant families in olive-dominated landscapes were Pteromalidae, Encyrtidae and Eulophidae, and the least abundant were Elasmidae, Eupelmidae, Chrysididae, Platygastridae and Eurytomidae. In the most diverse olive grove landscapes only three families appeared: Mymaridae, the most abundant, and Diapriidae and Signiphoridae with lower abundance. Scelionidae was the most abundant family in all olive landscapes, both simple and complex. The greater richness and abundance of HP in olive-dominated landscapes does not guarantee biological control, but it does provide conservation of arthropod biodiversity as a cross-cutting ecosystem service.
Quantitative evaluation of the spatial resilience to the B. oleae pest in olive grove socio-ecological landscapes at different scales
(Ecological Indicators, 2018) Rescia Perazzo, Alejandro Javier; Ortega Quero, Marta
Spatial resilience quantification can be a useful tool for land planning and management in agricultural systems to predict the appropriate control of disturbances such as pest infections. We proposed an index of spatial resilience based on landscape indicators related to the abundance of the most important pest of Mediterranean olive groves, Bactrocera oleae. The index was applied in two olive regions in Andalusia, Estepa and Sierra de Segura. Additionally, spatial resilience was measured at different spatial scales to verify its capacity as an indicator and to provide appropriate solutions for each type of stakeholder. The spatial scales were: i) circular areas of 1500 m radius that involved farms and a wide area of their spatial context, ii) municipalities, and iii) the entire region (a quality production-designated area). At all scales, the calculated spatial resilience was lower in Estepa than in Sierra de Segura because of the proportion of olive groves in Estepa, the size of their patches, and their spatial connectivity promoting a greater homogeneity of the landscape; additionally, the proportion of scrubland areas and the fragmentation of the landscape were smaller. Finally, we discussed the direct implications of spatial resilience for land planning to favour pest control and indirect implications for the conservation of biodiversity in the framework of a sustainable agricultural production of olive groves. The application of the spatial resilience index would contribute to an objective assessment of the ecological quality of the agricultural landscape, a basic requirement for the perception of environmental subsidies by farmers from different administration.
Project number: 418
Living-Lab UCM: Aprendizaje-Enseñanza del Método Científico en Ecología en el Campus de Ciudad Universitaria
(2023) Andivia Muñoz, Enrique; Acosta Gallo, Belén; García Fungairiño, Sara; Herrero de Jauregui, Cristina; López de Pablo, Carlos Tomás; Lozano Mendoza, Jorge; Miguel Garcinuño, José Manuel de; Ortega Quero, Marta; Rebollo Orozco, Pedro; Rescia Perazzo, Alejandro Javier; Sánchez Montoya, María Mar; Ureña Lara, María del Carmen; Herrero Méndez, Asier; Medina Villar, Silvia; Rodríguez Sousa, Antonio Alberto
Quantification of the spatial resilience of the Spanish rural landscape to fire occurrence analysed using the SISPARES network of plots
(Landscape Ecology, 2023) Rescia Perazzo, Alejandro Javier; Gómez Menéndez, Ana Isabel; González Lodares, Cristina; Ortega Quero, Marta
In Spain, fire is a tool used for management in rural landscapes but also wildfires can play a disruptive socio-ecological role. Therefore, its spatial structure analysis and spatial resilience quantification to wildfire is useful for territorial planning and management. Objectives We evaluate the relationship between the spatial structure of Spanish rural landscapes with the historical wildfire frequency. We develop and calculate indices of spatial resilience to wildfires and large wildfires. Methods We followed a stratified sampling based on the biogeoclimatic classes grouping by ecoregions. We calculated landscape metrics with Fragstats and collected wildfires occurrence from a national wildfire database. Spatial resilience was estimated with a self-elaborated index, using wildfires data and landscape structure subjected to a MANOVA and to a linear regression model. Results The Northwest region suffered more wildfires and large wildfires than the other ecoregions. The differences in frequency of large wildfires were small and low in. Some landscape metrics were positively related to wildfire frequency (forest plantations and scrublands) and other negatively (“dehesas” and crops). Spatial resilience to wildfires and large wildfires was lower in the Northwest area but for large wildfires were also low in the Mediterranean Littoral and Central region. Conclusions The relationship between the frequency of the two types of wildfires and landscape structure determines differences in spatial resilience indices. Large wildfires are positively related to shrubland abundance, whereas small wildfires are positively related to heterogeneous agricultural areas. Therefore, spatial resilience indices could be used as early warning tools to prevent wildfires.
Land-use and spatial resilience changes in the Spanish olive socio-ecological landscape
(Applied Geography, 2020) Ortega Quero, Marta; Pascual, Susana; Elena Roselló, Ramón; Rescia Perazzo, Alejandro Javier
The spatial structure of agricultural landscapes can affect crop resilience to potential pest development. Previous studies have found several spatial landscape metrics related to the abundance of the olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae, and these were combined to elaborate a spatial resilience index. In this paper, this index was calculated for olive landscapes all over Spain, for four years spanning a 50-year temporal range (1956, 1984, 1998 and 2008), using a network of 64 16-km2 plots representing olive landscapes within a bio-geo-climatic gradient. The resilience index was then modified adapting it through the weighting of spatial landscape metrics determined from the monitoring of this time-series analysis. The results showed that the values of spatial resilience of olive landscapes is predominantly low in southern Spain and medium in northeast and central Spain. The value of the index increased throughout the time-series considered, but not in the south. Expansion and concentration of olive groves, diversification of land uses, and fragmentation of landscapes have been the driving forces behind the evolution and current spatial structure of olive landscapes. The weighted resilience index constitutes a valuable tool for the socio-ecological planning of olive landscapes.
Effect of local and landscape factors on abundance of ground beetles and assessment of their role as biocontrol agents in the olive growing area of southeastern Madrid, Spain
(BioControl, 2019) Callejas Hervás, Carmen; Ortega Quero, Marta; Rescia Perazzo, Alejandro Javier; Lantero Bringas, Esther; Sánchez Ramos, Ismael; González Núñez, Manuel; Fernández, Cristina E.; Matallanas Peñas, Beatriz; Pascual, Susana
Designing biological control strategies for the olive fruit fly (Bactrocera oleae (Rossi)) by predators requires the study of their biology and effectiveness. In this work, we have studied the relationship between ground beetle activity density and local (soil condition) and landscape factors in the olive area of southeastern Madrid, as well as the efficiency of the most abundant species, Orthomus barbarus (Dejean) (Coleoptera: Carabidae) by functional response experiments. Also, O. barbarus has been described for the first time by molecular methods through the barcode gene COI. The two dominant species, O. barbarus and Pterostichus globosus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Carabidae) showed different responses to landscape structure, but soil condition was more relevant than landscape structure for both species, and for activity density of ground beetles as a whole. P. globosus is more efficient than O. barbarus, and it is possible that in the study area other taxa are relevant as B. oleae predators.