Person: Cuadra Blanco, Crótida De La
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First Name
Crótida De La
Last Name
Cuadra Blanco
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Medicina
Department
Anatomía y Embriología
Area
Anatomía y Embriología Humana
Identifiers
9 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
Item Anatomical relationships of the cleidoatlanticus muscle: Interpretation about its origin(Anatomical Science International, 2009) Rodríguez-Vázquez JF; Mérida-Velasco JR; Sanz-Casado JV; Verdugo López, Samuel; Cuadra Blanco, Crótida De LaAn unusual muscular variation, the cleidoatlanticus muscle, was observed on the right-hand side of the lateral cervical region. The upper third of the muscle was concealed by the sternocleidomastoid muscle. There was a loop of nerves surrounding the muscle, formed by an anastomosis between the transverse cervical nerve and the greater auricular nerve. A fine vascular-nervous pedicle (formed by a small branch from the transverse cervical artery and by a branch from the medial supraclavicular nerve) entered the deep surface of the muscle at the junction of its middle and lower thirds. Taking into account the relationships that presented with the superficial branches of the cervical plexus, we consider that the cleidoatlanticus muscle is derived from the sternocleidomastoid muscle.Item Development of the long head of the biceps brachial tendon: A possible explanation of the anatomical variations(Annals of Anatomy, 2018) Minuesa-Asensio, Alvaro; Murillo González, Jorge Alfonso; Cuadra Blanco, Crótida De La; Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Herrera Lara, Manuel Eugenio; Mérida Velasco, José RamónThe anatomical variations of the proximal portion of the long head of the biceps brachii tendon (LHBT) are rarely observed in clinical practice. However, an increase in the rate of shoulder arthroscopic surgery has led to an increase in the observation of anatomical variations of this region. The aim of this work was to analyze the development of the LHBT in 23 human embryos ranging from the 6th to 8th weeks of development. The LHBT develops from the glenohumeral interzonal mesenchyme in the 6th week. By week 7, the myotendinous junction of the LHBT develops. The anlage of the LHBT is separated from that of the glenohumeral capsule during week 8. Our results suggest that the most important period for the LHBT development occurs between the 6th and 8th weeks of embryonic development. Alterations during this critical period may cause anatomical variations of the LHBT. An additional case report from our own experience is provided as Supplementary material.Item Early stages of development of the alar fascia (human specimens at 6–12 weeks of development)(Journal of Anatomy, 2019) López Fernández, Pedro; Murillo González, Jorge Alfonso; Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Cuadra Blanco, Crótida De La; Moreno Borreguero, Alicia; Mérida Velasco, José RamónIn recent years, there has been much discussion concerning the cervical fasciae. The aim of this study is to confirm and to describe the development of the alar fascia as well as its relationship with nearby structures. Histological preparations of 25 human embryos (6-8 weeks of development) and 25 human fetuses (9-12 weeks of development) were studied bilaterally using a conventional optical microscope. Our study confirms the existence of the alar fascia and permits three stages to be established during its development. The initial stage (1st), corresponding to the 6th week of development (Carnegie stages 18-19), is characterized by the beginning of the alar fascia primordium in the retroesophageal space at the level of C7-T1. In the formation stage (2nd), corresponding to the 7th and 8th weeks of development (Carnegie stages 20-23), the alar fascia primordium grows upwards and reaches the level of C2-C3. In the maturation stage (3rd), beginning in the 9th week of development, the visceral, alar and prevertebral fasciae can be identified. The alar fascia divides the retrovisceral space (retropharyngeal and retroesophageal) into two spaces: one anterior (between the alar fascia and the visceral fascia and extending from C1 to T1, named retropharyngeal or retroesophageal space according to the level) and the other posterior (between the alar fascia and the prevertebral fascia, named danger space). We suggest that this latter space be named the retroalar space. This study suggests that alar fascia development is related to mechanical factors and that the alar fascia permits the sliding of the pharynx and the oesophagus during swallowing.Item Physicians' viewpoints on faculty anatomists and dissection of human bodies in the undergraduate medical studies(Annals of Anatomy, 2021) Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; García Mata, Ricardo; Murillo González, Jorge Alfonso; Cuadra Blanco, Crótida De La; Gómez Martínez, Ana María; Bueno López, José Luis; Wojciech Pawlina, MDBackground: Studies abound regarding the views of faculty anatomists and medical students on the importance of anatomy and the dissection of human bodies, but very little is known about the views of practicing physicians. Methods: A survey was distributed among physicians and surgeons practicing in Spain in order to find out their views on the practice and consequences of human dissection by undergraduate students of medicine. The most relevant definition to qualify faculty anatomists of medical schools was also requested. Responses were repeatedly clustered into characteristic subgroups for analysis. Results: In total, 536 physicians and surgeons belonging to 36 different specialties in seven Spanish hospitals responded to the survey. The results highlighted two main facts. Firstly, faculty anatomists were perceived as teachers, above any other professional identity (namely: physician, biologist or scientist); nonetheless, the ascription of identities varied between specialties (p=0.009); and it also depended on whether the respondents had dissected in their undergraduate degree (p=0.03) and on the respondent's gender (p=0.03). Secondly, physicians and surgeons confirmed that dissecting human cadavers serves the undergraduate student not only for acquiring anatomical knowledge, but also essential skills and attitudes, including professionalism. Conclusions: The results strongly suggest that dissection practice should be reinforced and enriched in undergraduate medical school. As this is important in itself, the results of the study could also help with the development of strategies to alleviate the current shortage of adequately trained anatomists for medical degrees.- Project number: 144
Item Elaboración de modelos anatómicos y embriológicos mediante la impresión 3D(2016) Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Barrio Asensio, María Del Carmen; Cabrera Parra, Walter; Cuadra Blanco, Crótida De La; Río Sevilla, Aurora Del; García Gómez, Susana; Herrera Lara, Manuel Eugenio; Maestro De Las Casas, María Del Carmen; Martínez Álvarez, María Concepción; Mérida Velasco, José Ramón; Murillo González, Jorge Alfonso; Naredo Sánchez, Esperanza; Quirós Terrón, Luis; Pérez De Miguelsanz, María JulianaLa impresión 3D es un enfoque innovador en la docencia anatómica que puede proporcionar a los alumnos un material didáctico casi idéntico a la pieza embalsamada mitigando muchas de las múltiples controversias existentes en torno a la Disección Item Initial stages of development of the submandibular gland (human embryos at 5.5–8 weeks of development)(Journal of Anatomy, 2019) Quirós Terrón, Luis; Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Murillo González, Jorge Alfonso; Cuadra Blanco, Crótida De La; Martínez Álvarez, María Concepción; Sanz Casado, José Vicente; Mérida Velasco, José RamónThe aim of this study was to determine the main stages of submandibular salivary gland development during the embryonic period in humans. In addition, we studied submandibular salivary gland development in rats on embryonic days 14-16 and expression in the submandibular salivary gland region with the monoclonal antibody HNK-1. Serial sections from 25 human embryos with a greatest length ranging from 10 to 31 mm (Carnegie stages 16-23; weeks 5.5-8 of development) and Wistar rats of embryonic days (E) 14-16 were analysed with light microscopy. Five stages of submandibular salivary gland development were identified. The prospective stage (1), between weeks 5.5 and early week 6, is characterized by a thickening of the epithelium of the medial paralingual groove in the floor of the mouth corresponding to the primordium of the submandibular salivary gland parenchyma. At this stage, the primordium of the parasympathetic ganglion lies below the lingual nerve. The primordium of the submandibular salivary gland parenchyma is observed in rats on E14 in the medial paralingual groove with mesenchymal cells, underlying the lingual nerve. These cells are HNK-1-positive, corresponding to the primordium of the parasympathetic ganglion. The bud stage (2), at the end of week 6 in humans and on E15 in rats, is characterized by the proliferation and invagination of the epithelial condensation, surrounded by an important condensation of the mesenchyme. The pseudoglandular stage (3) at week 6.5 is characterized by the beginning of the formation of lobes in the condensed mesenchyme. The canalicular stage (4), between week 7 and 7.5, is characterized by the appearance of a lumen in the proximal part of the submandibular duct. The innervation stage (5) occurs during week 8, with the innervation of the submandibular and interlobular ducts. Nervous branches arriving from the parasympathetic ganglion innervate the glandular parenchyma. Numerous blood vessels are observed nearby. Our results suggest that submandibular salivary gland development requires interactions among epithelium, mesenchyme, parasympathetic ganglion and blood vessels.Item Physicians' viewpoints on faculty anatomists and dissection of human bodies in the undergraduate medical studies(Annals of Anatomy, 2021) Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; García Mata, Ricardo; Murillo González, Jorge Alfonso; Cuadra Blanco, Crótida De La; Gómez Martínez, Ana; Bueno López, José LuisBackground: Studies abound regarding the views of faculty anatomists and medical students on the importance of anatomy and the dissection of human bodies, but very little is known about the views of practicing physicians. Methods: A survey was distributed among physicians and surgeons practicing in Spain in order to find out their views on the practice and consequences of human dissection by undergraduate students of medicine. The most relevant definition to qualify faculty anatomists of medical schools was also requested. Responses were repeatedly clustered into characteristic subgroups for analysis. Results: In total, 536 physicians and surgeons belonging to 36 different specialties in seven Spanish hospitals responded to the survey. The results highlighted two main facts. Firstly, faculty anatomists were perceived as teachers, above any other professional identity (namely: physician, biologist or scientist); nonetheless, the ascription of identities varied between specialties (p = 0.009); and it also depended on whether the respondents had dissected in their undergraduate degree (p = 0.03) and on the respondent’s gender (p = 0.03). Secondly, physicians and surgeons confirmed that dissecting human cadavers serves the undergraduate student not only for acquiring anatomical knowledge, but also essential skills and attitudes, including professionalism. Conclusions: The results strongly suggest that dissection practice should be reinforced and enriched in undergraduate medical school. As this is important in itself, the results of the study could also help with the development of strategies to alleviate the current shortage of adequately trained anatomists for medical degrees.Item An Unusual Case of Primate Arterial Pattern in a Human Upper Limb(International Journal of Morphology, 2020) Cuadra Blanco, Crótida De La; Murillo González, Jorge Alfonso; Martínez Sanz, Elena; Mérida Velasco, José RamónDuring routine undergraduate dissections of the upper limb, variations on the usual arterial and muscular patterns were observed in a 68 year-old male cadaver. The arterial and muscular pattern found in our specimen is similar to that of some primates in the following terms. 1) Brachial artery duplicity, on the right side, with a superficial brachio-ulnoradial artery. 2) In the right upper limb, the biceps brachii muscle continued with the superficial muscles of the forearm. 3) The brachial artery on the left side, cross over in front of the median nerve, as the only artery of the arm with a network axillary pattern. 4) On both sides, the ulnar artery was superficial and originated at the elbow from superficial brachial arteries. 5) The right anterior interosseous artery intervened in the vascularization of the hand. These results suggest that this may be a case of early detention of human embryonic development and/or the persistence of phylogenetic older patterns. In the literature, we have found no reference to the presence of all these variations in the same individual. The objective of our study was to analyze these variations from an embryological and phylogenetic perspective.Item Development of the Human Biceps Brachii Tendon and Coracoglenoid Ligament (7th-12th Week of Development)(Cells Tissues Organs, 2017) Cuadra Blanco, Crótida De La; Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Murillo González, Jorge Alfonso; Herrera Lara, Manuel Eugenio; Mérida Velasco, José RamónThe goal of this study is to clarify the development of the long head of the biceps brachii tendon (LHBT) and to verify the existence and development of the coracoglenoid ligament. Histological preparations of 22 human embryos (7-8 weeks of development) and 43 human fetuses (9-12 weeks of development) were studied bilaterally using a conventional optical microscope. The articular interzone gives rise to the LHBT, glenoid labrum, and articular capsule. During the fetal period, it was observed that in 50 cases (58%), the LHBT originated from both the glenoid labrum and the scapula, while in 36 cases (42%), it originated only from the glenoid labrum. The coracoglenoid ligament, first described by Sappey in 1867, is a constant structure that originates at the base of the coracoid process and projects toward the glenoid labrum zone, which is related to the origin of the LHBT. The coracoglenoid ligament was more easily identifiable in the 36 cases in which the LHBT originated only from the glenoid labrum. We suggest that the coracoglenoid ligament is a constant anatomical structure, is not derived from the articular interzone unlike the LHBT, and contributes to the fixation of the glenoid labrum in the scapula in cases in which the LHBT originated only from the glenoid labrum. We postulate that, when the LHBT is fixed only at the glenoid labrum, alterations in the coracoglenoid ligament could lead to a less sufficient attachment of the glenoid labrum to the scapula which could predispose to a superior labral lesion.