Person:
Poch Broto, Joaquín

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First Name
Joaquín
Last Name
Poch Broto
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/81573
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Medicina
Department
Inmunología, Oftalmología y ORL
Area
Otorrinolaringología
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2009 - 20103
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Author: Rodríguez Gómez, Fernando Luis ×

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Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Cochlear microphonic audiometry: a new hearing test for objective diagnosis of deafness
    (Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2009) Poch Broto, Joaquín; Carricondo Orejana, Francisco Javier; Bhathal, Beatriz; Iglesias Moreno, María Cruz; López-Moya, Julio; Rodríguez Gómez, Fernando Luis; Sanjuán, Julio; Gil Loyzaga, Pablo
    Conclusions: Objective audiometric tests could constitute a valuable tool for detection of deafness. This could be especially useful in children (universal newborn hearing screening) and non-collaborative patients, who are especially difficult candidates for classic audiometry. The cochlear microphonic audiometry (CMA) technique offers the possibility of obtaining objective audiometric profiles, highly correlated with those obtained by pure tone audiometry (PTA). Therefore, CMA could be used as an alternative test to obtain the audiometric profile of these patients. Objective: The main purpose of the present study was to demonstrate that CMA provides objective audiometric profiles by avoiding active participation by the patient. Subjects and methods. CMA specific equipment, improved for non-invasive recording of cochlear microphonic potentials, was used. This tool plots the recordings obtained as the classic audiogram. Verification of the method was carried out in adult patients by comparing the PTA with the CMA audiometric profiles obtained for each patient. Results: Our findings showed that audiometric profiles obtained from CMA are highly correlated, without statistical differences, to those obtained with PTA. More than 81% of patients explored (91.67% at 250 Hz) exhibited differences below 10 dB(HL) between tests at all exploration frequencies, while a low number of cases showed differences over 20 dB(HL).
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    Cellular and molecular bases of neuroplasticity: brainstem effects after cochlear damage
    (Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2010) Gil Loyzaga, Pablo; Carricondo Orejana, Francisco Javier; Bartolomé Pascual, María Visitación; Iglesias Moreno, María Cruz; Rodríguez Gómez, Fernando Luis; Poch Broto, Joaquín
    After a cochlear lesion or auditory nerve damage, afferent connections from auditory ganglia can be highly altered. This results in a clear reduction of auditory input and an alteration of connectivity of terminals on cochlear nuclei neurons. Such a process could stimulate the reorganization of the neural circuits and neuroplasticity. Cochlea removal has been demonstrated to be a good model in which to analyse brainstem neuroplasticity, particularly with regard to the cochlear nuclei. After cochlea removal three main periods of degeneration and regeneration were observed. Early effects, during the first week post lesion, involved acute degeneration with nerve ending oedema and degeneration. During the second and, probably, the third post lesion weeks, degeneration was still present, even though a limited and diffuse expression of GAP-43 started. Around 1 month post lesion, degeneration at the cochlear nuclei progressively disappeared and a relevant GAP-43 expression was found. We conclude that neuroplasticity leads neurons to modify their activity and/or their synaptic tree as a consequence of animal adaptation to learning and memory. For the human being neuroplasticity is involved in language learning and comprehension, particularly the acquisition of a second language. Neuroplasticity is important for therapeutic strategies, such as hearing aids and cochlear implants.
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    In vitro long-term development of cultured inner ear stem cells of newborn rat
    (Cell and tissue research, 2010) Carricondo Orejana, Francisco Javier; Iglesias Moreno, María Cruz; Rodríguez Gómez, Fernando Luis; Poch Broto, Joaquín; Gil Loyzaga, Pablo
    The adult mammalian auditory receptor lacks any ability to repair and/or regenerate after injury. However, the late developing cochlea still contains some stem-cell-like elements that might be used to regenerate damaged neurons and/or cells of the organ of Corti. Before their use in any application, stem cell numbers need to be amplified because they are usually rare in late developing and adult tissues. The numerous re-explant cultures required for the progressive amplification process can result in a spontaneous differentiation process. This aspect has been implicated in the tumorigenicity of stem cells when transplanted into a tissue. The aim of this study has been to determine whether cochlear stem cells can proliferate and differentiate spontaneously in long-term cultures without the addition of any factor that might influence these processes. Cochlear stem cells, which express nestin protein, were cultured in monolayers and fed with DMEM containing 5% FBS. They quickly organized themselves into typical spheres exhibiting a high proliferation rate, self-renewal property, and differentiation ability. Secondary cultures of these stem cell spheres spontaneously differentiated into neuroectodermal-like cells. The expression of nestin, glial-fibrillary-acidic protein, vimentin, and neurofilaments was evaluated to identify early differentiation. Nestin expression appeared in primary and secondary cultures. Other markers were also identified in differentiating cells. Further research might demonstrate the spontaneous differentiation of cochlear stem cells and their teratogenic probability when they are used for transplantation.