Person: Avilés Villarroel, Carlos Alberto
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First Name
Carlos Alberto
Last Name
Avilés Villarroel
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Educación-Centro Formación Profesor
Department
Didáctica de Lenguas, Artes y Educación Física
Area
Didáctica de la Expresión Corporal
Identifiers
3 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
Item Self-control in aiming supports coping with psychological pressure in soccer penalty kicks(Frontiers in Psychology, 2019) Navia, José A.; Van der Kamp, John; Avilés Villarroel, Carlos Alberto; Aceituno, Jesús; Ibáñez, Sergio J.This study addressed the question whether coaches better allow athletes to self-control their decisions when under pressure or whether to impose a decision upon them. To this end, an experiment was conducted that manipulated the soccer kickers’ degree of control in decision-making. Two groups of elite under-19 soccer players (n = 18) took penalty kicks in a self-controlled (i.e., kickers themselves decided to which side to direct the ball) and an externally controlled condition (i.e., the decision to which side to direct the ball was imposed upon the kickers). One group performed the penalty kick under psychological pressure (i.e., the present coaching staff assessed their performance), while the second group performed without pressure. Just before and after performing the kicks, CSAI-2 was used to measure cognitive and somatic anxiety and self-confidence. Further, the number of goals scored, ball placement and speed, and the duration of preparatory and performatory behaviors were determined. The results verified increased levels of cognitive and somatic anxiety after performing the kicks in the pressured group compared to the no-pressure group. In addition, degree of self-control affected the participants’ performance, particularly in the pressured group. They scored more goals and placed the kicks higher in the self-controlled than in the externally-controlled condition. Participants also took more time preparing and performing the run-up in the self-controlled condition. Findings indicate that increased self-control helps coping with the debilitating effects of pressure and can counter performance deteriorations. The findings are discussed within the framework of self-control theories, and recommendations for practitioners and athletes are made.Item How enaction and ecological approaches can contribute to sports and skill learning(Frontiers in Psychology, 2020) Avilés Villarroel, Carlos Alberto; Navia, José A.; Ruiz Pérez, Luis Miguel; Zapatero Ayuso, Jorge AgustínThe purpose of this paper is to explain learning in sports and physical education (PE) from the perspective of enactive and ecological psychology. The learning process is first presented from the enactive perspective, and some relevant notions such as sensemaking and sensorimotor schemes are developed. Then, natural learning environments are described, and their importance in the human development process is explained. This is followed by a section devoted to the learner’s experience in which some research methods are explained, such as neurophenomenology, in addition to self-confrontation, interviews aimed at bringing out the meaning, sensations, and emotions that performers experience when they are immersed in their sport or a PE class. The sections on the ecological approach deal with the attunement, calibration, the education of intention, and the importance of representative experimental designs. The last section addresses the main similarities and differences between the two approaches. Finally, we state our theoretical position in favor of a common project that brings together the main elements of both post-cognitive approaches.Item Do expert tennis players actually demonstrate anticipatory behavior when returning a first serve under representative conditions? A systematic review including quality assessment and methodological recommendations(Psychology of Sport & Exercise, 2019) Avilés Villarroel, Carlos Alberto; Navia, José A.; Ruiz, Luis M.; Martínez De Quel Pérez, Óscar; Raab, Markus; Tamminen, KatherineObjectives: The present article aims to (i) critically review and classify the studies on the tennis serve return by the degree of representativeness of the experimental task design, (ii) assess the quality of the studies classified with a high degree of representativeness, (iii) analyze to what extent expert tennis players demonstrate anticipatory behavior when actually performing a first serve return. Design and method: Searches were performed in Web of Science and Scopus up to 31st December 2017. The main search term tennis was combined with four groups of key words: anticipation, perception and action, response time and serve return. Researchers selected 62 studies after applying the inclusion criteria. Subsequently, they were screened by degree of experimental task design representativeness through 6 further criteria. Results: Fifty-four studies were found with a medium to low degree of representativeness (87%) and only 8 studies with a high degree of representativeness (13%). Among those eight studies, only one attained the best methodological quality in terms of variables analyzed and information reported. Also, some methodological recommendations were outlined for future research. Conclusions: After 40 years of research, evidence has not yet been found that expert tennis players move to either side before the ball is hit in representative task conditions. Hence, players do not demonstrate observable anticipatory behavior towards the ball direction on the first serve in tennis, but guide their actions upon the information unfolding around the server’s action and first moments of the ball flight.