Person:
Verche Borges, Emilio

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First Name
Emilio
Last Name
Verche Borges
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/86436
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Educación-Centro Formación Profesor
Department
Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento
Area
Psicobiología
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Author: Cairós-González, Mariana ×

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    Cognitive flexibility impairment in temporal lobe epilepsy: the impact of epileptic foci lateralization on executive functions
    (Epilepsy & Behavior, 2024) Cairós-González, Mariana; Verche Borges, Emilio; Hernández Expósito, Sergio; Alonso Garrido, María Ángeles
    Introduction: Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) has been associated with memory impairments, which are typically linked to hippocampal and mesial temporal cortex lesions. Considering the presence of extensive bidirectional frontotemporal connections, it can be hypothesized that executive dysfunction in TLE is modulated by the lateralization of the epileptic foci. Material and Methods: A comprehensive neuropsychological executive functions protocol was administered to 63 participants, including 42 individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy (20 with right-TLE and 22 with left-TLE) and 21 healthy controls aged 20–49. Results: The results indicate that TLE patients exhibit poorer executive performance compared to healthy controls in working memory (F(2,60) = 4.18, p <.01), planning (F(2,60) = 4.71, p <.05), set shifting (F(2,60) = 10.1, p <.001), phonetic verbal fluency (F(2,60) = 11.71, p <.01) and semantic verbal fluency (F(2,60) = 9.61, p <.001. No significant differences were found in cognitive inhibition. Furthermore, right-TLE patients showed lower performance than left-TLE in set shifting (F(1,61) = 6.45, p <.05), while no significant differences were observed in working memory, planning, inhibition, and verbal fluency. Conclusions: This research emphasize the importance of considering the lateralization of the temporal lobe focus to achieve a more accurate neuropsychological characterization. The cognitive differences between left and right TLE patients highlight the need for individualized approaches in their treatment and care.
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    Decision-making on an explicit risk-taking task in children and adolescents with high intellectual abilities: a neuropsychological perspective
    (Revista Iberoamericana de Neuropsicología, 2023) Pérez-Tejera, Josué; Cairós-González, Mariana; Verche Borges, Emilio; Borges, África
    Objective: Two processing pathways have been described in explicit risk decision-making tasks: an emotional and a cognitive feedback pathway. The objective of the study was to examine decision-making on an explicit risk-taking task in children and adolescents with high intellectual abilities compared with a control group typical development and to determine whether their execution is similar or different. Methods: This study explores differences in quality of decision making between gifted (n = 28) and average intellectual ability (n = 37) students of two different age groups (children vs. adolescents). Groups were compared using the scores obtained in the Cambridge Gambling Task (CGT). Results: Results show that gifted students displayed better decision making as evidenced by higher cognitive self-control to postpone immediate rewards and quality of decision when compared to the control group. Deliberation time in gifted was faster in the adolescent group and slower in the child group. Conclusion: This finding suggests developmental influences that need to be considered to explain the effects of the G factor in decision making skills. Procedures help to reflect upon the contribution of controlled cognitive tasks in elucidating abilities related to general intelligence. Neuropsychological basis of decision-making is briefly discussed.