Person: Robles Morales, José Manuel
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First Name
José Manuel
Last Name
Robles Morales
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales
Department
Sociología Aplicada
Area
Sociología
Identifiers
7 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
Item The Un-Connectivity of Connective Parties: Analyzing the Online Interaction Patterns of Unidos Podemos in Spain(Journal of Political Marketing, 2022) Stefano De Marco; Robles Morales, José Manuel; Borja Moya-Gómez; Gómez González, Daniel; taylor and francisConnective parties (Bennett, Segerberg, and Knüpfer Citation2018) are supposed to create a new scenario in online political communication. They are conceived as new political subjects, characterized by reciprocal communication flows across social networking sites (SNSs), and the creation of fluid online relationships between “connective representatives” and their constituents. This paper focuses on the Spanish connective party “Podemos” to test this hypothesis, by comparing the communicative styles of Spanish Members of Parliament (MPs) on Twitter, depending on their reference party and the interlocutor they are interacting with. Our results show that Podemos MPs are not more inclined to interact with ordinary citizens than MPs from other political parties, and this provides further evidence against the idea that SNSs could strengthen the relationship between representatives and citizens, at least in the case of Spain. Instead, SNSs appear to be used as tools for the one-way transmission of messages from political parties and representatives, leading to the conclusion that they play an important role in spreading political messages to large audiences and in political campaigning, but not in fostering deliberation.Item Una "vuelta breve" a la participación política digital y el acontecimiento mediático en las ideas de Sergio Roncallo-Dow(Palabra clave, 2020) Robles Morales, José Manuel; Córdoba Hernández, Ana MaríaEste ensayo es parte de un homenaje a la figura de nuestro querido compañero Sergio Roncallo-Dow. Al ser este un trabajo compartido, nuestro cometido es volver a hablar con él, en su ausencia y a través de sus textos, sobre algunas cuestiones que nos interesaron a ambos y sobre las que compartimos largo con él, durante sesiones de discusión, no siempre en horas de oficina. En concreto, nos ha interesado rescatar aquí dos ideas, por una parte, los medios digitales y la participación política y, por otra, el acontecimiento. Para reproducir nuestras conversaciones, hemos optado por introducir primero lo que Sergio pensaba sobre estos temas y, a continuación, incluir algunas de las ideas con las que nos enfrentábamos cariñosamente a su forma de pensar. Todo ello, naturalmente, en un intento de seducir al lector para que se adentre en los problemas científicos que interesaban a Sergio y, al mismo tiempo, para no quedarnos con ese áspero y terrible sabor de boca del que sabe que la última conversación con él fue realmente la última.Item Digital activism masked: the Fridays for Future movement and the “Global Day of Climate Action”: testing social function and framing typologies of claims on Twitter(Social Sciences, 2023) Fernández Zubieta, Ana; Guevara Gil, Juan Antonio; Caballero Roldán, Rafael; Robles Morales, José ManuelThis article analyzed the Fridays for Future (FFF) movement and its online mobilization around the Global Day of Climate Action on 25 September 2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this event is a unique opportunity to study digital activism as marchers were considered not appropriate. Using Twitter’s API with keywords “#climateStrike”, and “#FridaysForFuture”, we collected 111,844 unique tweets and retweets from 47,892 unique users. We used two typologies based on social media activism and framing literature to understand the main function of tweets (information, opinion, mobilization, and blame) and their framing (diagnosis, prognosis, and motivational). We also analyzed its relationship and tested its automated classification potential. To do so we manually coded a randomly selected sample of 950 tweets that were used as input for the automated classification process (SVM algorithm with balancing classification techniques). We found that the automated classification of the COVID-19 pandemic appeared to not increase the mobilization function of tweets, as the frequencies of mobilization tweets were low. We also found a balanced diversity of framing tasks, with an important number of tweets that envisaged solutions to legislation and policy changes. COVID-related tweets were less frequently prognostically framed. We found that both typologies were not independent. Tweets with a blaming function tended to be framed in a prognostic way and therefore were related to possible solutions. The automated data classification model performed well, especially across social function typology and the “other” category. This indicated that these tools could help researchers working with social media data to process the information across categories that are currently mainly processed manuallyItem Measuring polarization: a fuzzy set theoretical approach(2020) Guevara Gil, Juan Antonio; Gómez González, Daniel; Robles Morales, José Manuel; Montero De Juan, Francisco Javier; Lesot, Marie-Jeanne; Vieira, Susana; Reformat, Marek Z.; Carvalho, João Paulo; Wilbik, Anna; Bouchon-Meunier, Bernadette; Yager, Ronald R.Abstract: The measurement of polarization has been studied over the last thirty years. Despite the different applied approaches, since polarization concept is complex, we find a lack of consensus about how it should be measured. This paper proposes a new approach to the measurement of the polarization phenomenon based on fuzzy set. Fuzzy approach provides a new perspective whose elements admit degrees of membership. Since reality is not black and white, a polarization measure should include this key characteristic. For this purpose we analyze polarization metric properties and develop a new risk of polarization measure using aggregation operators and overlapping functions. We simulate a sample of N = 391315 cases across a 5-likert-scale with different distributions to test our measure. Other polarization measures were applied to compare situations where fuzzy set approach offers different results, where membership functions have proved to play an essential role in the measurement. Finally, we want to highlight the new and potential contribution of fuzzy set approach to the polarization measurement which opens a new field to research on.Item A new approach to polarization modeling using Markov chains(2022) Guevara Gil, Juan Antonio; Gómez González, Daniel; Castro Cantalejo, Javier; Gutiérrez García-Pardo, Inmaculada; Robles Morales, José Manuel; Ciucci, Davide; Couso, Inés; Medina, Jesús; Ślęzak, Dominik; Petturiti, Davide; Bouchon-Meunier, Bernadette; Yager, Ronald R.Abstract: In this study, we approach the problem of polarization modeling with Markov Chains (PMMC). We propose a probabilistic model that provides an interesting approach to knowing what the probability for a specific attitudinal distribution is to get to an i.e. social, political, or affective Polarization. It also quantifies how many steps are needed to reach Polarization for that distribution. In this way, we can know how risky an attitudinal distribution is for reaching polarization in the near future. To do so, we establish some premises over which our model fits reality. Furthermore, we compare this probability with the polarization measure proposed by Esteban and Ray and the fuzzy polarization measure by Guevara et al. In this way, PMMC provides the opportunity to study in deep what is the performance of these polarization measures in specific conditions. We find that our model presents evidence that in fact, some distributions will presumably show higher risk than others even when the entire population holds the same attitude. In this sense, according to our model, we find that moderate/indecisive attitudes present a higher risk for polarization than extreme attitudes and should not be considered the same scenario despite the fact that the entire population maintains the same attitude.Item La cuestión abierta de las tres P: polarización, populismo y posverdad en perspectiva emotivista(ISEGORIA., 2023) Arturo Rodríguez Sáez; José Manuel Robles Morales; Robles Morales, José Manuel; CSICLa polarización, los populismos y la posverdad forman tres fenómenos sociopolíticos fundamentales para comprender cómo se está orientando la política en los sistemas demoliberales. La polarización política se suele entender como un proceso dinámico de activación de las divisiones entre dos o más grupos sociales en el transcurso de los debates públicos que puede terminar con una ruptura comunicativa o una comunicación fallida. Si bien los especialistas no coinciden a la hora de definir el populismo, se puede comprender como una forma concreta de construir el pueblo mediante un discurso que contrapone este al anti-pueblo. La posverdad se referiría a una tendencia cultural donde las verdades de hecho sufren una merma en favor de las verdades vivenciadas subjetivamente. Estos fenómenos tienden a ser percibidos por una buena parte de la sociedad y del mundo académico como una amenaza grave para las bases pluralistas y reflexivas de la democracia. Sin embargo, esa consideración está decantada normativamente. Este artículo trata de explorar un marco referencial diferente, el emotivismo, y cómo, desde este ángulo, toman sentido los tres conceptos clave: polarización, populismo y posverdad.Item Polarization and incivility in digital debates on women’s rights in Spain. Not just a matter of machismo(Journal of Gender Studies, 2021) Gómez González, Daniel; Robles Morales, José Manuel; Guevara Gil, Juan Antonio; Atienza-Barthelemy, Julia; taylor and francisAs is the case in many other countries, Spain faces the challenge of drastically reducing the presence of gender violence. In this paper, we analyse how public digital debate in Spain gives insight into this topic. Specifically, we are interested in analysing the ways in which processes such as polarization or incivility are manifested on social networks. Our thesis is that, in addition to the central role played by structural machismo, there are particular characteristics of online debate that regulate the presence of polarization and incivility. In order to assess this, we analyse two case studies on Twitter, ‘La Manada’ and ‘Cuéntalo’. We demonstrate how spontaneous digital debates favour the emergence of negative behaviours, while those that, as is the case with ‘Cuéntalo’, are organized and structured, favour more respectful, less polarized communication.