Person:
Rosales Conrado, Noelia

First Name

Noelia

Last Name

Rosales Conrado

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/76222

Affiliation

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Faculty / Institute

Ciencias Químicas

Department

Química Analítica

Area

Química Analítica

Identifiers

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 21

Unravelling the in vitro and in vivo potential of selenium nanoparticles in Alzheimer’s disease: A bioanalytical review
(Talanta, 2023) Vicente Zurdo, David; Rosales Conrado, Noelia; León González, María Eugenia De
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline and the accumulation of beta-amyloid plaques and tau tangles in the brain. Current therapies have limited efficacy, prompting the search for novel treatments. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have emerged as promising candidates for AD therapy due to their unique physicochemical properties and potential therapeutic effects. This review provides an overview of SeNPs and their potential application in AD treatment, as well as the main bioanalytical techniques applied in this field. SeNPs possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making them potential candidates to combat the oxidative stress and neuroinflammation associated with AD. Moreover, SeNPs have shown the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), allowing them to target brain regions affected by AD pathology. Various methods for synthesizing SeNPs are explored, including chemical,physical and biological synthesis approaches. Based on the employment of algae, yeast, fungi, and plants, green methods offer a promising and biocompatible alternative for SeNPs production. In vitro studies have demonstrated the potential of SeNPs in reducing beta-amyloid aggregation and inhibiting tau hyperphosphorylation, providing evidence of their neuroprotective effects on neuronal cells. In vivo studies using transgenic mousem models and AD-induced symptoms have shown promising results, with SeNPs treatment leading to cognitive improvements and reduced amyloid plaque burden in the hippocampus. Looking ahead, future trends in SeNPs research involve developing innovative brain delivery strategies to enhance their therapeutic potential, exploring alternative animal models to complement traditional mouse studies, and investigating multi-targeted SeNPs formulations to address multiple aspects of AD pathology. Overall, SeNPs represent a promising avenue for AD treatment, and further research in this field may pave the way for effective and much-needed therapeutic interventions for individuals affected by this debilitating disease.
Valorization of prunus seed oils: fatty acids composition and oxidative stability
(Molecules, 2023) Rodríguez-Blázquez, Sandra; Gómez Mejía, Esther; Rosales Conrado, Noelia; León González, María Eugenia De; García-Sánchez, Beatriz; Miranda Carreño, Rubén
Prunus fruit seeds are one of the main types of agri-food waste generated worldwide during the processing of fruits to produce jams, juices and preserves. To valorize this by-product, the aim of this work was the nutritional analysis of peach, apricot, plum and cherry seeds using the official AOAC methods, together with the extraction and characterization of the lipid profile of seed oils using GC-FID, as well as the measurement of the antioxidant activity and oxidative stability using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging method. Chemometric tools were required for data evaluation and the obtained results indicated that the main component of seeds were oils (30–38%, w). All seed oils were rich in oleic (C18:1n9c) and linoleic (C18:2n6c) acids and presented heart-healthy lipid indexes. Oil antioxidant activity was estimated in the range IC50 = 20–35 mg·mL−1, and high oxidative stability was observed for all evaluated oils during 1–22 storage days, with the plum seed oil being the most antioxidant and stable over time. Oxidative stability was also positively correlated with oleic acid content and negatively correlated with linoleic acid content. Therefore, this research showed that the four Prunus seed oils present interesting healthy characteristics for their use and potential application in the cosmetic and nutraceutical industries.
Neuroprotective Action of Multitarget 7-Aminophenanthridin-6(5H)-one Derivatives against Metal-Induced Cell Death and Oxidative Stress in SN56 Cells
(ACS Chemical Neuroscience, 2021) Moyano-Cires Ivanoff, Paula Viviana; Vicente Zurdo, David; Blázquez-Barbadillo, Cristina; Menéndez Ramos, José Carlos; González Matilla, Juan Francisco; Rosales Conrado, Noelia; Pino Sans, Javier Del
Neurodegenerative diseases have been associated with brain metal accumulation, which produces oxidative stress (OS), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) induction, and neuronal cell death. Several metals have been reported to downregulate both the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway and the antioxidant enzymes regulated by it, mediating OS induction and neurodegeneration. Among a recently discovered family of multitarget 7-amino-phenanthridin-6-one derivatives (APH) the most promising compounds were tested against metal-induced cell death and OS in SN56 cells. These compounds, designed to have chelating activity, are known to inhibit some MMPs and to present antioxidant and neuroprotective effects against hydrogen peroxide treatment to SN56 neuronal cells. However, the mechanisms that mediate this protective effect are not fully understood. The obtained results show that compounds APH1, APH2, APH3, APH4, and APH5 were only able to chelate iron and copper ions among all metals studied and that APH3, APH4, and APH5 were also able to chelate mercury ion. However, none of them was able to chelate zinc, cadmium, and aluminum, thus exhibiting selective chelating activity that can be partly responsible for their neuroprotective action. Otherwise, our results indicate that their antioxidant effect is mediated through induction of the Nrf2 pathway that leads to overexpression of antioxidant enzymes. Finally, these compounds exhibited neuroprotective effects, reversing partially or completely the cytotoxic effects induced by the metals studied depending on the compound used. APH4 was the most effective and safe compound.
Adding sustainability in analytical chemistry education through monitoring aquarium water quality
(Sustainable Chemistry, 2023) Rosales Conrado, Noelia; Peña Martínez, Juan
This paper introduces a captivating topic for upper-level analytical chemistry capstone projects, focusing on aquarium water analysis. This provides a more comprehensive understanding of the role of analytical chemistry towards sustainability and its environmental, economic, societal and education dimensions. Regarding the crucial role of maintaining optimal aquarium water quality for the welfare of aquatic life, students are tasked with envisioning and executing the measurement of key parameters, including pH, ammonium, nitrite, and nitrate contents. This hands-on experience not only engages students in real-world applications, but also allows them to delve into essential analytical chemistry principles. They carefully select measurement methods, considering factors such as instrument availability, ease of use, precision and sensitivity requirements, sample size, and matrix effects. Besides fostering the acquisition of technical and soft skills, one notable aspect of this type of project is the exceptionally high student satisfaction. Furthermore, the project’s outcomes have proven to be significant predictors of learning achievements. Additionally, it lays the foundation for exploring potential designs of aquaponics systems and fosters interdisciplinary projects, expanding the practical applications in the field of chemistry education. Overall, these projects exemplify enriching and engaging educational experiences that empower students with valuable skills and knowledge while encouraging them to explore novel avenues in analytical chemistry.
Effect of Storage and Drying Treatments on Antioxidant Activity and Phenolic Composition of Lemon and Clementine Peel Extracts
(Molecules, 2023) Gómez Mejía, Esther; Rosales Conrado, Noelia; León González, María Eugenia De; Madrid Albarrán, María Yolanda; Sacristán Navarro, Iván
Obtaining polyphenols from horticultural waste is an emerging trend that enables the valorization of resources and the recovery of value-added compounds. However, a pivotal point in the exploitation of these natural extracts is the assessment of their chemical stability. Hence, this study evaluates the effect of temperature storage (20 and −20 ◦C) and drying methods on the phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of clementine and lemon peel extracts, applying HPLC-DADMS, spectrophotometric methods, and chemometric tools. Vacuum-drying treatment at 60 ◦C proved to be rather suitable for retaining the highest antioxidant activity and the hesperidin, ferulic, and coumaric contents in clementine peel extracts. Lemon extracts showed an increase in phenolic acids after oven-drying at 40 ◦C, while hesperidin and rutin were sustained better at 60 ◦C. Hydroethanolic extracts stored for 90 days preserved antioxidant activity and showed an increase in the total phenolic and flavonoid contents in lemon peels, unlike in clementine peels. Additionally, more than 50% of the initial concentration was maintained up to 51 days, highlighting a half-life time of 71 days for hesperidin in lemon peels. Temperature was not significant in the preservation of the polyphenols evaluated, except for in rutin and gallic acid, thus, the extracts could be kept at 20 ◦C.
Screening the extraction process of phenolic compounds from pressed grape seed residue: Towards an integrated and sustainable management of viticultural waste
(LWT - Food Science and Technology, 2022) Gómez Mejía, Esther; Vicente Zurdo, David; Rosales Conrado, Noelia; León González, María Eugenia; Madrid Albarrán, Yolanda
The integrated valorisation of waste from the food chain to obtain value-added compounds with biological functionality will facilitate the transition to the era of a sustainable bioeconomy. To this end, an efficient matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) extraction method was developed and optimized, using experimental factorial design and response surface methodology, for polyphenols recovery from pressed grape seeds obtained after the extraction of essential oils by cold pressing. Gallic, dihydroxybenzoic, p-coumaric and trans-ferulic acid, naringin, resveratrol, quercetin and kaempferol were quantified at 2.1–295 μg g−1 by capillary liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector and a mass analyser (cLC-DAD-MS). Furthermore, total antioxidant activity, free radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation suppression, together with the inhibition of beta-amyloid (Αβ42) protein aggregation, considered one of the main pathological effects of Alzheimer's disease, were evaluated. Potent lipid peroxidation inhibition (IC50 0.238 ± 0.003 ng g−1) was observed, along with the reduction of Αβ42 fibril width (9.4–54.8%) and aggregation. The results presented proved that the MSPD extraction method could be considered as an efficient and sustainable methodology to produce phenolic-rich extracts that may serve as an alternative antioxidant and neuroprotective ingredient for the food or pharmaceutical formulations, leading to the cascade valorisation of winery by-products.
Aprendizaje de las reacciones químicas en Educación Secundaria a través de actividades cooperativas
(Educación Química, 2021) Peña Martínez, Juan; Pérez López, Raquel; Rosales Conrado, Noelia
En el presente trabajo se propone una secuencia didáctica para la enseñanza de las reacciones químicas en educación secundaria, que incluye dos actividades diferentes de aprendizaje cooperativo. La primera, para trabajar la diferencia entre cambio físico y cambio químico y, la segunda, para consolidar la parte experimental que también se ha llevado a cabo en el laboratorio. Un total de 43 estudiantes valoraron la experiencia y la metodología empleada mediante un cuestionario. Los resultados muestran que aproximadamente un 80% están a favor de emplear el modelo de aprendizaje con grupos cooperativos. No obstante, un 30% de los estudiantes señalan que hay que asegurar que todos los miembros de los equipos participen y realicen el trabajo asignado. La metodología cooperativa se podría emplear en la enseñanza de las reacciones químicas.
Neuroprotective mechanisms of multitarget 7-aminophenanthridin-6(5H)-one derivatives against metal-induced amyloid proteins generation and aggregation
(Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2022) Moyano-Cires Ivanoff, Paula Viviana; Vicente Zurdo, David; Blázquez Barbadillo, Cristina; Menéndez Ramos, José Carlos; González Matilla, Juan Francisco; Rosales Conrado, Noelia; Pino Sans, Javier Del
Brain’s metals accumulation is associated with toxic proteins, like amyloid-proteins (Aβ), formation, accumulation, and aggregation, leading to neurodegeneration. Metals downregulate the correct folding, disaggregation, or degradation mechanisms of toxic proteins, as heat shock proteins (HSPs) and proteasome. The 7-amino-phenanthridin-6(5H)-one derivatives (APH) showed neuroprotective effects against metal-induced cell death through their antioxidant effect, independently of their chelating activity. However, additional neuroprotective mechanisms seem to be involved. We tested the most promising APH compounds (APH1-5, 10–100 μM) chemical ability to prevent metal-induced Aβ proteins aggregation; the APH1-5 effect on HSP70 and proteasome 20S (P20S) expression, the metals effect on Aβ formation and the involvement of HSP70 and P20S in the process, and the APH1-5 neuroprotective effects against Aβ proteins (1 μM) and metals in SN56 cells. Our results show that APH1-5 compounds chemically avoid metal-induced Aβ proteins aggregation and induce HSP70 and P20S expression. Additionally, iron and cadmium induced Aβ proteins formation through downregulation of HSP70 and P20S. Finally, APH1-5 compounds protected against Aβ proteins-induced neuronal cell death, reversing partially or completely this effect. These data may help to provide a new therapeutic approach against the neurotoxic effect induced by metals and other environmental pollutants, especially when mediated by toxic proteins.
Bioactive polyphenols from Ranunculus macrophyllus Desf. Roots: quantification, identification and antioxidant activity
(South African Journal of Botany, 2020) Deghima, Amirouche; Righi, Nadjat; Rosales Conrado, Noelia; León González, María Eugenia De; Gómez Mejía, Esther; Madrid Albarrán, María Yolanda; Baali, Faiza; Bedjou, Fatiha
Ranunculus macrophyllus Desf. is an Algerian medicinal plant whose roots are used in traditional medicine to cure feminine infertility and other diseases, however there are no studies regarding its phytochemistry and biological activities. The aim of this work is to study the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of different solvents fractions from the roots of Ranunculus macrophyllus Desf. Spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods were used to study the phytochemical composition; while antiradical, iron chelating ability, reducing power and lipid peroxidation were studied in-vitro. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest values of total phenolic compounds (271.0 ± 0.2 µg GAE/mg dry extract (d.e), flavonols (24 ± 5 µg RE/ mg d.e) and condensed tannins (129 ± 10 µg CE/mg d.e), while the hexane fraction contained the highest amount of triterpenoids (91 ± 7 µg UAE/mg d.e). The highest radical scavenging ability was recorded for the ethyl acetate fraction against DPPH (IC50 = 3.7 ± 0.1 µg/mL) and ABTS (IC50 = 81 ± 3 µg/mL) whereas the hexane fraction had the best hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging (IC50 = 380 ± 4 µg/mL). The ethyl acetate fraction had the best total antioxidant capacity (TAC = 361 ± 1 µAAE/ mg extract) and reducing power (310 ± 2 µAAE/mg extract). The β-carotene bleaching was inhibited at high rate even after 24 h by the ethyl acetate fraction (81.0 ± 0.5 %). All activities were correlated with the polyphenolic content of the fractions. Capillary LC-DAD and LC-MS/MS analysis of ethyl acetate fraction revealed high amounts of gallic acid (9.3 ± 0.6 mg/g d.e), dihydroxybenzoic acid (8.1 ± 0.2 mg/g d.e) and hesperidin (5.9 ± 0.6 mg/g d.e). With such high amounts of polyphenols and strong antioxidant activity Ranunculus macrophyllus Desf. roots could have a potential use in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries.
Valorization of defatted cherry seed residues from Liquor processing by matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction: a sustainable strategy for production of phenolic-rich extracts with antioxidant potential
(Antioxidants, 2023) Rodríguez-Blázquez, Sandra; Fernández-Ávila, Lorena; Gómez Mejía, Esther; Rosales Conrado, Noelia; León González, María Eugenia De; Miranda Carreño, Rubén
The integrated valorization of food chain waste is one of the most promising alternatives in the transition to a sustainable bioeconomy. Thus, an efficient solid-phase matrix dispersion extraction method, using experimental factorial design and response surface methodology, has been developed and optimized for the recovery of polyphenols from defatted cherry seeds obtained after cherry liquor manufacture and subsequent fatty acid extraction, evaluating the effect of each processing step on the composition and phenolic content of sweet cherry residues. The phenolic extracts before fermentation showed the highest content of total polyphenols (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) (3 ± 1 mg QE·g−1 and 1.37 ± 0.08 mg GAE·g−1, respectively), while the highest antioxidant capacity was obtained in the defatted seed extracts after both fermentation and distillation. In addition, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) was used to determine the phenolic profile. Dihydroxybenzoic acid, neochlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and quercetin were the main phenolics found, showing differences in concentration between the stages of liquor production. The results underline the prospective of cherry by-products for obtaining phenol-rich bioactive extracts for possible use in different industrial sectors, offering a feasible solution for the cascade valorization of cherry agri-food waste.