Person:
Martín Chivelet, Javier

First Name

Javier

Last Name

Martín Chivelet

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/75277

Affiliation

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Faculty / Institute

Ciencias Geológicas

Department

Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología

Area

Estratigrafía

Identifiers

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Now showing 1 - 9 of 9

Trace Elements in Speleothems as Indicators of Past Climate and Karst Hydrochemistry: A Case Study from Kaite Cave (N Spain
(Hydrogeological and Environmental Investigations in Karst Systems, 2014) Cruz, Juncal.A.; Martín Chivelet, Javier; Marín Roldán, A.; Turrero, M.J.; Edwards, R.L; Ortega Martínez, Ana Isabel; Cáceres, J.O.
A stalagmite that grew during the Holocene (between 4.9 and 0.9 ka BP) in Kaite Cave (Ojo Guareña Karst Complex, Burgos, N Spain) has been analyzed by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) with the aim of reconstructing secular variations in the hydrochemistry of the karst system, in turn related to changes in the environment outside the cave. LIBS analyses yield significant changes in Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca intensity ratios through the stalagmite, which reveal consistent trends and patterns at decadal to centennial scales. The origin of the observed changes in Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios is discussed in the framework of the cave system and the regional climatic variability, particularly the changes in precipitation.
Variations in Trace Elements of Drip Waters in Kaite Cave (N Spain): Significance in Terms of Present and Past Processes in the Karst System
(Hydrogeological and Environmental Investigations in Karst Systems . Environmental Earth Sciences book series, Hydrogeological and Environmental Investigations in Karst Systems, 2014) Turrero, M.J.; Garralón Lafuente, Antonio; Sánchez Moreno, Lorenzo; Ortega Martínez, Ana Isabel; Martín Chivelet, Javier; Gómez, P.; Escribano, A.
Drip-water chemistry in karstic caves can vary at seasonal to inter-annual scales in response to climatic factors such as temperature, rainfall, and seasonality, which determine changes in the hydrological and hydrochemical processes of the percolating waters in their paths from the atmosphere to the cave. In this paper the characterization of stalagmite forming drip-waters based on long-term (years) time-series data is presented as a key task for understanding the geochemical behavior of a specific system, the Kaite Cave (N Spain). The work focuses on the relationships between rainfall, drip rates, drip-water calcium concentration, and drip-water trace elements amount (e.g., Mg and Sr); as indicators of hydrologic processes defining the karst system and controlling speleothem growth and composition patterns.
Speleothem architectural analysis: integrated approach for stalagmite-based paleoclimate research
(Sedimentary Geology, 2017) Martín Chivelet, Javier; Muñoz García, María Belén; Cruz, Juncal A.; Ortega Martínez, Ana Isabel; Turrero Jiménez, María Jesús
Carbonate stalagmites have become increasingly attractive to Quaternary paleoclimate research, as they can be accurately dated by radiometric methods and concurrently yield high-resolution multi-proxy records of past climate conditions. Reliable series however require the precise characterization of stalagmite internal icrostratigraphy,4 a task too often poorly accomplished despite the recent advances in speleothem research. This weakness is due to the lack of a robust integrative methodological framework capable of integrating the wide range of petrographical and micro-stratigrafical methods currently used in speleothem characterization. For covering this need, this review introduces the Speleothem Architectural Analysis (SAA), a holistic approach inspired in well-established stratigraphic procedures such as the architectural element analysis and the sequence stratigraphy, commonly used by geoscientists for categorizing internal stratigraphic heterogeneities in sedimentary deposits. The new approach establishes a six-fold hierarchy of speleothem architectural elements and their bounding surfaces: individual crystallites (1st order), single growth layers (2nd order), speleothem fabrics (3rd order), stacking patterns sets (4th order), morphostratigraphic units (5th order), unconformity-bounded units and major unconformities (6th order). Each category of architectural element is formed in a different range of time, from intervals as short as a year/season to others of centuries or millennia. The SAA, which has the capability of incorporating any petrographic or stratigraphic classification, provides a useful, systematic, and versatile tool for unraveling the complexities of speleothem growth, and thus for genetically interpreting stalagmites in a multi-temporal scale. A detailed speleothem stratigraphy must be the basis for performing robust reconstruction of paleoclimate series. They should precede and accompany any work focused in absolute age dating or in reconstructing paleoclimate by means of any geochemical proxy
Seasonal and interannual changes in Ca and Mg of dripping waters in Kaite Cave (Spain)
(Geochimica et cosmochimica acta, 2008) Turrero Jiménez, María Jesús; Garralón Lafuente, Antonio; Martín Chivelet, Javier; Gómez González, Paloma; Sánchez Moreno, Lorenzo; Ortega Martínez, Ana Isabel
Geochemical evolution of drip-water and present-growing calcite at Kaite cave (N Spain)
(2007) Turrero Jiménez, María Jesús; Garralón Lafuente, Antonio; Gómez González, Paloma; Sánchez Moreno, Lorenzo; Martín Chivelet, Javier; Ortega Martínez, Ana Isabel; Bullen, Thomas D.; Wang, Yanxin
A range of parameters is analyzed from drip-waters and present-growing calcites at Kaite cave (Ojo Guareña complex, Burgos, N Spain) from mid-2002. The objective is establishing the linkage between the geochemical processes occurring in the drip-water/calcite system and the changes external to the cave. The selected site is Las Velas Hall, characterized by a stable cave climate and absence of significant air currents. Two seepage points (with “low” and “fast” drip-water rate) were chosen for the study, both with calcite growing at present time. The low drip-water point does not have a direct response to rainfall, as opposite to the fast drip-water point which respond rapidly to external precipitation. Intra- and inter- annual variations in the chemical and isotopic components are observed.
Land surface temperature changes in Northern Iberia since 4000 yr BP, based on δ13C of speleothems
(Global and planetary change, 2011) Martín Chivelet, Javier; Muñoz García, María Belén; Edwards, R. Lawrence; Turrero Jiménez, María Jesús; Ortega Martínez, Ana Isabel
The surface temperature changes for the last 4000 years in northern inland Iberia (an area particularly sensitive to climate change) are determined by a high resolution study of carbon stable isotope records of stalagmites from three caves (Kaite, Cueva del Cobre, and Cueva Mayor) separated several tens of kilometers away in N Spain. Despite the local conditions of each cave, the isotopic series show a good overall coherence, and resulted to be strongly sensitive to surface temperature changes. The record reflects alternating warmer and colder intervals, always within a temperature range of 1.6 °C. The timing and duration of the intervals were provided by 43 230Th–234U (ICP-MS) ages. Main climatic recognized periods are: (1) 3950–3000 yr BP: warm period punctuated by cool events around ~3950, 3550 and 3250 yr BP; (2) 2850–2500 yr BP cold interval (Iron Age Cold Period); (3) 2500–1650 yr BP moderate warm period (Roman Warm Period), with maximum temperatures between 2150 and 1750 yr BP; (4) 1650– 1350 yr BP cold interval (Dark Ages Cold Period), with a thermal minimum at ~1500 yr BP; (5) 1350– 750 yr BP warm period (Medieval Warm Period) punctuated by two cooler events at ~1250 and ~850 yr BP; (6) 750–100 yr BP cold period (Little Ice Age) with extremes occurring at 600–500 yr BP, 350–300 yr BP, and 150–100 yr BP; and (7) the last 150 years, characterized by rapid but no linear warming (Modern Warming). Remarkably, the presented records allow direct comparison of recent warming with former warm intervals such as the Roman or the Medieval periods. That comparison reveals the 20th century as the time with highest surface temperatures of the last 4000 years for the studied area. Spectral analysis of the time series shows consistent climatic cycles of ~400, ~900 and ~1300 yr, comparable with those recognized in the North Atlantic marine record, the Greenland ice cores, and other terrestrial records for the middle–late Holocene, suggesting common climate forcing mechanisms related to changes in solar irradiance and North Atlantic circulation patterns.
Present-day calcite deposition in two caves of N Spain (Kaite and Cueva Mayor): Factors affecting calcite growth and fabric
(Geochimica et cosmochimica acta, 2009) Turrero Jiménez, María Jesús; Garralón Lafuente, Antonio; Gómez González, Paloma; Martín Chivelet, Javier; Sánchez Moreno, Lorenzo; Ortega Martínez, Ana Isabel
Short communication: Reply to Comment by Domínguez-Villar on “Land surface temperature changes in Northern Iberia since 4000 yr BP, based in δ13C of speleothems” (Martín-Chivelet et al., 2011)
(Global and planetary change, 2013) Martín Chivelet, Javier; Muñoz García, Belén; Edwards, R. Lawrence; Turrero Jiménez, María Jesús; Ortega Martínez, Ana Isabel
We have considered the additional data that Domínguez-Villar (this issue) has provided, as well as his criticisms of the interpretations of Martín-Chivelet et al. (2011). We argue that with or without the additional data, our original interpretations are the most likely interpretations, on the basis of Ockham's Razor. Those of Domínguez-Villar violate Ockham's Razor, and in the final analysis do not offer an alternative explanation for the Martín-Chivelet et al. (2011) and Domínguez-Villar (this issue) data. In particular, all of the 230Th ages (reported by both Martín-Chivelet et al. (2011) and Domínguez-Villar (this issue)) are in stratigraphic order, within quoted errors, so that our original chronology is robust, with no reason to invoke diagenetic processes. Given this chronology, the empirical relationship between δ13C and temperature also hold. Finally, our original mechanism for the cause of this relationship (prior calcite precipitation) has been invoked in a number of other studies to explain carbon isotopic variations and remains a perfectly plausible explanation for the observations at the studied caves.
4000 years of climate change in Northern Spain from speleothem records
(Geochimica et cosmochimica acta, 2008) Martín Chivelet, Javier; Muñoz García, María Belén; Turrero Jiménez, María Jesús; Ortega Martínez, Ana Isabel; Domínguez Villar, David