Person:
Martín Chivelet, Javier

First Name

Javier

Last Name

Martín Chivelet

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/75277

Affiliation

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Faculty / Institute

Ciencias Geológicas

Department

Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología

Area

Estratigrafía

Identifiers

Full item page

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 10 of 15

Project number: 245
Aplicación didáctica mediante virtualización de afloramientos geológicos por medio herramientas digitales de muy alta resolución
(2022) García Lorenzo, María De La Luz; Abati Gómez, Jacobo; Álvarez Sierra, María De Los Ángeles; Ancochea Soto, Eumenio; Arribas Mocoroa, María Eugenia; Arroyo Rey, Xabier; Benito Moreno, María Isabel; Campos Soto, Sonia; Castiñeiras García, Pedro; Crespo Feo, María Elena; Fernández Barrenechea, José María; García Romero, Emilia; Granja Bruña, José Luis; Huertas Coronel, María José; Ignacio San José, Cristina de; López De Andrés, María Sol; Martín Chivelet, Javier; Martínez Santos, Pedro; Montero González, Esperanza; Muñoz Martín, Alfonso; Orejana García, David; Pieren Pidal, Agustín Pedro; Piña García, Rubén; Sánchez Donoso, Ramón; Suárez González, Pablo; Pertuz Dominguez, Alejandro
Tras la situación sanitaria del curso 2019-2020 y a través del Proyecto INNOVA Gestión 223 de la convocatoria del año 2020-2021, la Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas ha adquirido una herramienta para la virtualización de afloramientos geológicos. Durante el curso 2020-2021 se ha virtualizado una salida de campo de cada uno de los grados que se imparten en la Facultad, Grado en Geología y Grado en Ingeniería Geológica. Además, la mayor parte de la actividad de campo de este curso tendrá lugar durante el mes de mayo, por lo que los profesores van a poder realizar la virtualización de sus salidas de campo mientras realizan la salida presencial con los estudiantes, o incluso en algunas asignaturas los propios estudiantes van a ser los responsables de la virtualización de las mismas. Por ello, la herramienta GIGAPAN no sólo es de elevada utilidad en momentos en los que las restricciones de movilidad impiden la realización del campo sino que también permiten aplicar metodologías docentes invertidas durante la realización de los campamentos. De este modo los estudiantes pasan a tener un papel activo en relación a su proceso de aprendizaje. La herramienta GIGAPAN permite que se combinen imágenes fotográficas de megapíxeles de alta resolución para crear imágenes panorámicas de gigapíxeles que luego se pueden explorar a muchas escalas haciendo zoom y visión panorámica. Los GigaPans son gigapíxeles panorámicos, imágenes digitales con billones de píxeles. Gigapan crea panorámicas enormes, para conseguir elevado detalle con mucha nitidez. Además de proporcionar una experiencia de aprendizaje alternativa, estos recursos permiten una visita 'virtual' que puede ser una herramienta de aprendizaje útil en cualquier escenario docente. La utilidad del material generado tiene validez más allá de la pandemia, ya que puede ser utilizado por los estudiantes en el estudio de las asignaturas de la titulación, con un enorme potencial didáctico hasta ahora poco explorado. Hasta la fecha el GIGAPAN se ha venido utilizando con cámaras personales de profesores de la Facultad, por lo que se hace necesario completar esta herramienta con una cámara compatible con el módulo que permita ser usada tanto por profesores que no dispongan de la misma como por estudiantes de la Facultad.
Human forager response to abrupt climate change at 8.2 ka on the Atlantic coast of Europe
(Scientific reports, 2022) García Escarzaga, Asier; Gutiérrez Zugasti, Igor; Marín Arroyo, Ana B.; Fernandes, Ricardo; Núñez de la Fuente, Sara; Cuenca Solana, David; Iriarte, Eneko; Simões, Carlos; Martín Chivelet, Javier; González Morales, Manuel R.; Roberts, Patrick
The cooling and drying associated with the so-called ‘8.2 ka event’ have long been hypothesized as having sweeping implications for human societies in the Early Holocene, including some of the last Mesolithic hunter-gatherers in Atlantic Europe. Nevertheless, detailed ‘on-site’ records with which the impacts of broader climate changes on human-relevant environments can be explored have been lacking. Here, we reconstruct sea surface temperatures (SST) from δ18O values measured on subfossil topshells Phorcus lineatus exploited by the Mesolithic human groups that lived at El Mazo cave (N Spain) between 9 and 7.4 ka. Bayesian modelling of 65 radiocarbon dates, in combination with this δ18O data, provide a high-resolution seasonal record of SST, revealing that colder SST during the 8.2 ka event led to changes in the availability of different shellfish species. Intensification in the exploitation of molluscs by humans indicates demographic growth in these Atlantic coastal settings which acted as refugia during this cold event.
Middle Triassic (Muschelkalk) transgression in the West Tethys: biostratigraphic evidence from Sardinia (Italy)
(Palaeoworld, 2024) Stori, Lorenzo; Ronchi, Ausonio; López Gómez, José; Márquez Aliaga, Ana; Ros Franch, Sonia; Goy Goy, Antonio; Márquez Sanz, Leopoldo; Gandin, A.; Martín Chivelet, Javier
Stratigraphic and palaeontological analyses of the Middle Triassic (latest Anisian–Ladinian) in Muschelkalk facies are performed here to further unravel the palaeogeographic evolution of Sardinia in this time-frame. These shallow marine successions reveal a significant palaeontological record comprising facies and marker fossils (ammonoids, bivalves, conodonts, foraminifera etc.) reflecting a regional transgressive episode recorded throughout the West Mediterranean, after the Permian–Triassic biotic crisis. Particularly rich in the Nurra and Sarcidano-Gerrei areas, the facies/fossil record indicates the progressive westward settling of carbonate platforms, and consequently the development of new migration and irradiation routes for Sephardic faunas from the southeast (Palaeotethys) and Alpine faunas (Neotethys) from the northeast. Based on new findings and the revision of palaeontological associations previously reported, comparisons were made with associations of adjacent domains (Balearic Islands, Levantine area), thus refining their palaeoecological distribution and better framing Sardinia as a key area in the palaeogeographic evolution of the West Tethys during the Ladinian.
Early Permian during the Variscan orogen collapse in the equatorial realm: insights from the Cantabrian Mountains (N Iberia) into climatic and environmental changes
(International Journal of Earth Sciences, 2021) López Gómez, José; Horra Del Barco, Raúl De La; Fernández Barrenechea, José María; Borruel Abadía, Violeta; Martín Chivelet, Javier; Juncal Rosales, Manuel Antonio; Martín González, Fidel; Heredia, N.; Diez, Bienvenido; Buatois, Luis A.
We report the results of a multidisciplinary study of the early Permian (Artinskian–Kungurian) Sotres Formation of northern Spain integrating sedimentology, palaeosols, mineralogy, stable isotopes, palynology, ichnology and tectonics. This continental unit was deposited in the near-equatorial Peri-Tethyan Cantabrian Basin. Having developed in the middle of the Variscan fold belt, it is preserved within the present-day Cantabrian Mountains. Three subunits are recognised in the Sotres Formation based on tectono-stratigraphic and sedimentological data: a lower alluvial subunit, a middle carbonate lacustrine subunit, and an upper palustrine subunit. Multidisciplinary results reveal an upward change in climate from humid-subhumid conditions at the base of the formation (Artinskian) to semi-arid and arid conditions at the top of the formation (Kungurian), which may reflect global deglaciation near the end of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age and a probable northward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. This general upward warming/drying climate trend was interrupted by a short-lived interval of monsoon conditions in mid-Kungurian times, which may have coincided with a pulse of global cooling. Our findings are in agreement with the climate trends reported for other central Pangaean basins. Rising CO2 levels may have been a driving factor for climate transition during this time interval. However, in our study area, which lies within the active central Variscan orogenic belt, tectonic conditions must have also played a role in driving climate change.
Project number: 196
Material audiovisual para el mural "El Tiempo en Geología" de la Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas
(2020) García Lorenzo, María De La Luz; Arroyo Rey, Xabier; Soutullo García, Belén; Abati Gómez, Jacobo; Benito Moreno, María Isabel; Álvarez Sierra, María De Los Ángeles; Arribas Mocoroa, José; Arribas Mocoroa, María Eugenia; Castiñeiras García, Pedro; Crespo Feo, María Elena; Fernández Barrenechea, José María; García Romero, Emilia; Granja Bruña, José Luis; Iglesias Martínez, Mario; De Ignacio San José, Cristina; Martín Chivelet, Javier; Muñoz Martín, Alfonso; Orejana García, David; Ortega Menor, Lorena; Pieren Pidal, Agustín Pedro; Piña García, Rubén; Fernández Martín, Elena; Fernández Suffo, Paula; Muñoz Gallego, Almudena
La Geología abarca toda la historia del planeta, por lo que se hace inviable utilizar conceptos temporales de nuestra vida cotidiana. Por ello, se ha realizado un friso para el hall de la Facultad y para presentarlo, se ha realizado un vídeo explicativo del mismo.
A new enigmatic lacustrine trackway in the upper Miocene of the Sierra de las Cabras (Jumilla, Murcia, Spain)
(Journal of Iberian Geology, 2023) Mayoral, Eduardo; Herrero, Cayetano; Herrero, Emilio; Martín Chivelet, Javier; Pérez Lorente, Felix
A new fossil trackway is described in the upper lacustrine Miocene in the Prebetic Zone of the Iberian Peninsula, in Jumilla town (Murcia region) called Aenigmatipodus jumillensis nov. ichnogen. nov. ichnosp. This trackway consists of a pattern made up of sets of three tracks or triads, which are subparallel to each other, arranged in alternate groups. Each track presents a depression formed by a central body that is three times as long as it is wide, with straight or slightly curved walls, with two shorter bodies placed at the ends, one of the ends being shorter and more pronounced than the opposite, which is longer and stretched. All the biomechanical possibilities compatible with an anatomical design that could leave the impression of three alternate triads of tracks are analysed. The supports are only from the extremities on one side of the organism (left or right), the displacement being by translation. It is concluded that it had to be a large arthropod (metre scale), with a hexapod or decapod (less probably octopod), which had to be dragged laterally by a current in a very shallow lake or wetland environment. To date, no fossil organism is known, nor its current equivalent, that corresponds to these characteristics.
Vertebrate ichnofauna from Sierra de las Cabras tracksite (Late Miocene, Jumilla, SE Spain). Mammalian ichnofauna
(Journal of iberian geology, 2022) Herrero, Cayetano; Herrero, Emilio; Martín Chivelet, Javier; Pérez Lorente, Felix
Upper Miocene sedimentary deposits of Sierra de las Cabras in the Prebetic Ranges (Jumilla, Región de Murcia, Spain) yield a exceptional fossil site of diverse vertebrate ichnofauna, including mammals and birds. This paper presents a detailed study of those ichnites of that site which correspond to mammals. The footprints are located in stratigraphic surfaces found in a thin marly limestone succession that can be assigned to the latest Tortonian to earliest Messinian. The mammalian record consists of 324 footprints (included in trackways, pairs, groups and isolated ichnites) of diverse vertebrates, including: Hippipeda, Rhynoceripeda, Canipeda, Felipeda, Ursipeda, Rodentipeda, as well possible Suipeda. The ichnites were imprinted on wet and cohesive marly carbonate mud, deposited in a semi-arid wetland with relevant freshwater influx. The fossil site, cleaned and protected some years ago but herein studied by the first time, add together the nearby Hoya de la Sima site (Hippipeda, Pecoripeda, Bestiopeda and Paracamelichnium, and probably proboscidean ichnites) to conform an exceptional record of Late Miocene ichnofauna in southern Iberia.
Fabric and Fluid Inclusions Characterization of a Stalagmite from Eastern Spain: A Precondition for Noble Gas Analysis by Step-Crushing Methodology
(Minerals, 2024) López Elorza, Maialen; Weißbach, Therese; Muñoz García, María Belén; Kluge, Tobias; Aeschbach, Werner; Martín Chivelet, Javier
Fluid inclusions in stalagmites are becoming increasingly important for paleoclimate research. Within this framework, noble gas thermometry, based on noble gases dissolved in water from fluid inclusions, provides quantitative estimations of cave air paleotemperature. Two major issues of Noble Gas Temperature (NGT) determination on speleothems are (1) the potential lack of enough water for the analysis and (2) the presence of trapped gas not dissolved in water that can be released during the analysis from biphasic or all-gas fluid inclusions, as its contribution to the bulk noble gas signal can hinder NGT results. Although the step-crushing method helps to reduce the second issue, it also decreases the amount of water available for the calculations. In order to obtain reliable NGT results with low uncertainties, a major challenge is still to reach a balance between sufficient water for analysis and a small amount of “atmospheric” gas. The difficulty is that the extraction process cannot be standardized since it strongly depends on the type of sample. The objective of this work is to investigate how the characteristics of the speleothem can determine the adequacy of the extraction process. For this purpose, we consider a stalagmite from a Mediterranean cave that consists of columnar elongated calcite and contains a significant quantity of fluid inclusions, which suggests good potential for NGT analysis. Results, however, were poorly satisfactory. Trying to understand the source of the problems, an integrated study of petrography and petrophysical features was performed. The samples were found to be different depending on the stage of coalescence of crystals and thus separated into “open” and “closed” fabrics. Classic petrographic analysis and non-destructive (nuclear magnetic resonance) techniques were used to characterize the type and amount of fluid inclusions present in both types of fabrics. The study indicates that the closed fabric (total coalescence of calcite crystals) has most water trapped in water-filled, small intracrystalline fluid inclusions that usually contain very little gas. This fabric is very suitable for NGT determination, but since the amount of water is quite small, the sample should be crushed in only one step with a large number of beats to break all the inclusions. In contrast, samples with open fabric (partial coalescence of calcite crystals) contain a higher amount of water and, also, gas-filled large intercrystalline fluid inclusions. For this fabric, step-crushing of the sample is necessary. However, the low amount of water left for the second and third crushings could lead to flawed NGT results. Thus, we suggest modifying the method to get rid of part of the gas in the first crushing while leaving enough water for the following steps. This work shows the importance of characterizing speleothems and fluid inclusions, including their petrography and petrophysical characteristics, before starting NGT analysis, allowing the selection of the most favorable samples and the customization of the step-crushing procedure.
Strong links between Saharan dust fluxes, monsoon strength, and North Atlantic climate during the last 5000 years
(Science Advances, 2021) Cruz, J. A.; McDermott, Frank; Turrero Jiménez, María Jesús; Edwards, R. Lawrence; Martín Chivelet, Javier
Despite the multiple impacts of mineral aerosols on global and regional climate and the primary climatic control on atmospheric dust fluxes, dust-climate feedbacks remain poorly constrained, particularly at submillennial time scales, hampering regional and global climate models. We reconstruct Saharan dust fluxes over Western Europe for the last 5000 years, by means of speleothem strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) and karst modeling. The record reveals a long-term increase in Saharan dust flux, consistent with progressive North Africa aridification and strengthening of Northern Hemisphere latitudinal climatic gradients. On shorter, centennial to millennial scales, it shows broad variations in dust fluxes, in tune with North Atlantic ocean-atmosphere patterns and with monsoonal variability. Dust fluxes rapidly increase before (and peaks at) Late Holocene multidecadal- to century-scale cold climate events, including those around 4200, 2800, and 1500 years before present, suggesting the operation of previously unknown strong dust-climate negative feedbacks preceding these episodes.
Project number: 223
Virtualización de afloramientos geológicos mediante herramientas digitales de muy alta resolución: una nueva aproximación virtual al trabajo de campo
(2021) García Lorenzo, María De La Luz; Sánchez Donoso, Ramón; Abati Gómez, Jacobo; Ancochea Soto, Eumenio; Arribas Mocoroa, María Eugenia; Álvarez Sierra, María De Los Ángeles; Benito Moreno, María Isabel; Campos Soto, Sonia; Castiñeiras García, Pedro; Crespo Feo, María Elena; Fernández Barrenechea, José María; García Romero, Emilia; Granja Bruña, José Luis; Huertas Coronel, María José; López De Andrés, María Sol; Martín Chivelet, Javier; Muñoz Martín, Alfonso; Orejana García, David; Pieren Pidal, Agustín Pedro
El uso de imágenes de Gigapan en la enseñanza de la Geología facilita el estudio de contenidos de campo mediante imágenes de muy alta resolución de afloramientos geológicos, que pueden ser utilizadas como herramienta de docencia virtual.