Person:
Rodríguez Somolinos, Francisco

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First Name
Francisco
Last Name
Rodríguez Somolinos
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/76086
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Ciencias Químicas
Department
Ingeniería Química y de Materiales
Area
Ingeniería Química
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2016 - 2019112020 - 20221
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Item Type: Publication × Subject: 66.0 ×

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 12
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    Fractionation of Pinus radiata by ethanol-based organosolv process
    (Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2022) Santos Meneses, Tamara; Rigual Hernández, Victoria de los Ángeles; Domínguez Toribio, Juan Carlos; Alonso Rubio, M. Virginia; Oliet Pala, Mercedes; Rodríguez Somolinos, Francisco
    The lignocellulosic materials are promising feedstock to produce biofuels and bioproducts in the biorefnery framework. However, a pretreatment step is required to disrupt lignin-carbohydrate complex. In this work, the fractionation of Pinus radiata wood into its main components, cellulose-rich delignifed solid, recovered lignin after precipitation, and solublein-black liquor hemicellulose, was studied. For this purpose, an organosolv process employing ethanol/water mixture as solvent in absence of a catalyst was carried out. The efects of operating conditions on delignifed solid were evaluated by using a 23 central composite experimental design, being the responses delignifed solid yield, delignifcation degree, hemicellulose content, and glucan content. The variables studied were temperature (170–200 °C), time (50–100 min), and ethanol concentration (40–60%). The increase of organosolv severity (temperature and time) and reduction of ethanol concentration favor the glucan enrichment of delignifed solid, due to lignin removal and hemicellulose solubilization. A glucan content of more than 66% is obtained by applying temperature higher than 195 °C and time longer than 90 min, when 40 wt% alcohol concentration is used. The liquid fraction obtained during the organosolv process (black liquors) was used to recover lignin and hemicellulosic fractions solubilized. Furthermore, hemicellulose and lignin content of delignifed solid was correlated with the thermal stability measured as T10%.
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    Evaluation of hardwood and softwood fractionation using autohydrolysis and ionic liquid microwave pretreatment
    (Biomass and Bioenergy, 2018) Rigual Hernández, Victoria De Los Ángeles; Santos, Tamara; Domínguez Toribio, Juan Carlos; Alonso Rubio, María Virginia; Oliet Pala, María Mercedes; Rodríguez Somolinos, Francisco
    Las diferencias entre la madera de frondosas y la de coníferas, dilucidan que su comportamiento frente a los pretratamientos varía. En este trabajo, se aplicaron pretratamientos de líquido iónico (LI) de microondas y autohidrólisis (AH) aEucalyptus globulus(como modelo de madera dura) yPinus radiata(como modelo de madera blanda). La comparación entre la madera dura y la madera blanda de líquido iónico microondas (IL) y la autohidrólisis (AH) se evaluaron en términos de composición química de los sólidos pretratados, líquido por corrientes composición (hemicelulosa y la extracción de lignina) y, sustratos digestibilidad enzimática. Además, las micrografías realizadas mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM) y microscopía de confocalfluorescencia corroboraron los resultados obtenidos. En este estudio, se ha demostrado que la eficacia del pretratamiento por autohidrólisis, a través de la maximización de la digestibilidad enzimática, es opuesta en la madera dura (73 g de glucano/100 g de glucano introducido en condiciones severas) y en la madera blanda (10 g/100 g de glucano). El pretratamiento con IL ha sido especialmente eficaz en la madera blanda, con digestibilidades más altas (78 g de glucano/100 g de glucano introducido) que las obtenidas en la madera dura (68 g de glucano/100 g de glucano introducido). Las imágenes de microscopía de confocalfluorescencia, junto con las imágenes SEM, han resultado ser una técnica clarificadora para explicar los resultados de la digestibilidad enzimática.
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    Autohydrolysis and microwave ionic liquid pretreatment of Pinus radiata: Imaging visualization and analysis to understand enzymatic digestibility
    (Industrial Crops and Products, 2019) Rigual Hernández, Victoria De Los Ángeles; Domínguez Toribio, Juan Carlos; Santos, Tamara ; Rivas Siota, Sandra; Alonso Rubio, María Virginia; Oliet Pala, María Mercedes; Rodríguez Somolinos, Francisco
    Sequential pretreatments provide advantages of every single process towards a complete biomass fractionation. In this work, autohydrolysis and IL microwave pretreatments are sequentialy studied, and their effect to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis is analyzed. Mild, intermediate and severe autohydrolysis are combined with four IL temperatures (50, 80, 120 and 150 °C). Pretreated solids are enzymatically hydrolyzed and compared in terms of chemical composition and morphology. Digital image analysis is employed to numerically determine the heterogeneity of the solids using surface fractal dimension and lacunarity parameters. In this study, the negative effect of intermediate and severe autohydrolysis, over the subsequent IL pretreatment is demonstrated. Mild autohydrolysis and high IL conditions (AH150IL120) results in digestibilities of 78.8 g of glucan/100 g of glucan introduced. High surface fractal values (in the range of 2.5461–2.7124) and low lacunarities (0.0818–0.2563) enhance the enzymatic accessibility of pine wood. Furthermore, the negative effect of softwood lignin accumulation in the surface is observed using confocal fluorescence microscopy
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    Recovery and reuse of 1‑allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride in the fractionation of pinus radiata wood
    (ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, 2017) Rigual Hernández, Victoria De Los Ángeles; Santos, Tamara ; Domínguez Toribio, Juan Carlos; Alonso Rubio, María Virginia; Oliet Pala, María Mercedes; Rodríguez Somolinos, Francisco
    Se espera que los líquidos iónicos sean disolventes potenciales para la biorrefinería. Sin embargo, su elevado coste ha limitadosu reciclado es esencial para el proceso. En este trabajo se estudia la capacidad de recuperar y reutilizar el líquido iónico cloruro de 1-alil-3-metilimidazolio ([Amim][Cl]) en el fraccionamiento de madera de Pinus radiata mediante calentamiento por microondas. En el proceso propuesto, se obtuvieron materiales ricos en celulosa y lignina. El líquido iónico utilizado se recuperó y reutilizó en los próximos ciclos hasta cinco veces. La caracterización del [Amim][Cl] recuperado demostró que, aunque la estructura del líquido iónico permanecía inalterada, se acumulaban algunas fracciones leñosas. Como consecuencia, se obtuvo una reducción de los rendimientos de fraccionamiento y se produjeron variaciones de la composición y amorfidad de las fracciones recuperadas. Mediante un balance de masas global, este estudio da una aproximación global de la concentración de los principales componentes y de las corrientes características que intervienen en los sucesivos ciclos.
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    Combining autohydrolysis and ionic liquid microwave treatment to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of Eucalyptus globulus wood
    (Bioresource Technology, 2017) Rigual Hernández, Victoria De Los Ángeles; Santos, Tamara; Domínguez Toribio, Juan Carlos; Alonso Rubio, María Virginia; Oliet Pala, María Mercedes; Rodríguez Somolinos, Francisco
    Se ha estudiado la combinación de tratamientos de autohidrólisis y líquido iónico por microondas de madera de eucalipto para facilitar la producción de azúcar en una etapa posterior de hidrólisis enzimática. Se compararon tres condiciones de autohidrólisis 7(150 °C, 175 °C y 200 °C) en combinación con dos temperaturas de líquido iónico (80 °C y 120 °C) en términos de composición química, digestibilidad enzimática y producción de azúcar. Se midió la morfología (mediante SEM) y se visualizó la superficie de la biomasa con microscopía de confocalfluorescencia. Se demostró la cooperación sinérgica de ambos tratamientos, mejorando la accesibilidad de la celulosa. En condiciones intermedias de autohidrólisis (175 °C) y baja temperatura del líquido iónico (80 °C), se obtuvo una digestibilidad del glucano del 84,4%. Mediante micrografías SEM, se calcularon la dimensión fractal (como medida de la complejidad de la biomasa) y la lacunaridad (como medida de la homogeneidad) antes y después del pretratamiento. Las dimensiones fractales altas y las lacunaridades bajas corresponden a muestras morfológicamente complejas y homogéneas, que son mejor digeridas por los cócteles enzimáticos.
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    Viscoelastic properties of physical cellulosic bionogels of cholinium lysinate
    (International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2019) Villar, María del Mar; Domínguez Toribio, Juan Carlos; Alonso Rubio, María Virginia; Rigual Hernández, Victoria De Los Ángeles; Oliet Pala, María Mercedes; Rodríguez Somolinos, Francisco
    Se formularon nuevos ionogeles con diferentes contenidos de celulosa, a saber, 0,5, 1, 1,5 y 2 % en peso, con lisinato de colinio (ChLys), y se evaluaron sus propiedades reológicas a los 3 y 7 días postgelación. Debido a los compuestos de base biológica que contienen estos ionogeles, en este trabajo se denominan bionogeles. Estos materiales tienen un gran potencial para producir biomateriales funcionales para su uso en el sector médico/farmacológico. Para formular los bionogeles fue necesario conocer cómo se disuelve la celulosa en ChLys. Se estudió el tiempo de disolución para cada bionogel, siendo los tiempos de disolución de 3, 4, 4,5 y 6,5 h para 0,5, 1, 1,5 y 2% de celulosa, respectivamente. El bionogel con una carga de celulosa del 2% presentó las propiedades reológicas más elevadas, es decir, módulo elástico (G′), módulo de pérdida (G′′) y viscosidad compleja (η*), en los días de postgelación estudiados: G′(3 días): 0,7-50 kPa, G′(7 días): 1-100 kPa, G′′(3 días): 0,1-10 kPa, y G′′(7 días): 0,2-20 kPa,η* (3 días): 0,2-200 kPa s yη*(7días):0,4-300 kPa s. El tiempo de postgelación es un parámetro importante en la formulación de los bionogeles, ya que a los 3 días postgelación, las redes continuaban constituidas. En cuanto a la clasificación, estos bionogeles eran geles físicos débiles
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    Combining autohydrolysis and ionic liquid microwave treatment to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of Eucalyptus globulus wood
    (Biouresource Technology, 2018) Rigual Hernández, Victoria De Los Ángeles; Santos, Tamara ; Domínguez Toribio, Juan Carlos; Alonso Rubio, María Virginia; Oliet Pala, María Mercedes; Rodríguez Somolinos, Francisco
    The combination of autohydrolysis and ionic liquid microwave treatments of eucalyptus wood have been studied to facilitate sugar production in a subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis step. Three autohydrolysis conditions 7(150 °C, 175 °C and 200 °C) in combination with two ionic liquid temperatures (80 °C and 120 °C) were compared in terms of chemical composition, enzymatic digestibility and sugar production. Morphology was measured (using SEM) and the biomass surface was visualized with confocal fluorescence microscopy. The synergistic cooperation of both treatments was demonstrated, enhancing cellulose accessibility. At intermediate autohydrolysis conditions (175 °C) and low ionic liquid temperature (80 °C), a glucan digestibility of 84.4% was obtained. Using SEM micrographs, fractal dimension (as a measure of biomass complexity) and lacunarity (as a measure of homogeneity) were calculated before and after pretreatment. High fractals dimensions and low lacunarities correspond to morphologically complex and homogeneous samples, that are better digested by enzyme cocktails.
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    Separation of aromatics from n-alkanes using tricyanomethanide-based ionic liquids: Liquid-liquid extraction, vapor-liquid separation, and thermophysical characterization
    (Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2016) Larriba Martínez, Marcos; Navarro, Pablo; Delgado Mellado, Noemí; Stanisci, Victor; García González, Julián; Rodríguez Somolinos, Francisco
    Ionic liquids (ILs) have been extensively studied as replacements to sulfolane in the separation of aromatics from alkanes. The employment of ILs could reduce energy requirements and operating costs of the aromatic extraction unit as a result of their nonvolatile character. However, the ILs studied so far have shown mass-based aromatic distribution ratios lower than the sulfolane values, which would increase the solvent-to-feed ratio in the extractor. To overcome this drawback, we tested the performance of the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tricyanomethanide ([bmim][TCM]) and the 1-butyl-4-methylpyridinium tricyanomethanide ([4bmpy][TCM]) in the separation of toluene from n-heptane, exhibiting the [4bmpy][TCM] mass-based toluene distribution ratios and toluene/n-heptane selectivities higher than those of sulfolane. We also studied the vapor-liquid recovery of the extracted hydrocarbons from the ILs, obtaining relative volatilities of n-heptane from toluene substantially higher in the presence ILs than those without ILs. A thermophysical characterization of the ILs was also made by measuring their densities, viscosities, thermal stabilities, and estimating their maximum operation temperatures. Finally, the regeneration and reuse of the ILs was studied on successive recovery cycles. After five recovery cycles, ILs have shown the same extractive capacity.
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    Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents in the Dearomatization of Gasolines
    (ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, 2018) Larriba Martínez, Marcos; Ayuso Sebastián, Miguel Aythami; Navarro, Pablo; Delgado Mellado, Noemí; Gonzalez-Miquel, Maria; García González, Julián; Rodríguez Somolinos, Francisco
    The extraction of aromatic hydrocarbons from reformer and pyrolysis gasolines is currently performed by liquid-liquid extraction using organic solvents. Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are being widely studied as environmentally benign alternatives to conventional solvents since DES can be prepared using nontoxic and renewable chemicals. In this work, we have studied for the first time the application of DES in the extraction of aromatic hydrocarbons from reformer and pyrolysis gasolines. We have tested six choline chloride-based DES formed by ethylene glycol, glycerol, levulinic acid, phenylacetic acid, malonic acid, and urea as hydrogen bond donors. COSMO-RS method was employed to predict the performance of the DES in the extraction of aromatics, whereas experimental results indicate that DES formed by choline chloride and levulinic acid has exhibited the most adequate extractive and physical properties. Afterward, the simulation and optimization of the whole process for extraction of aromatics, recovery of extracted hydrocarbons, and regeneration of the solvent have been performed. The proposed process of dearomatization could work at moderate temperatures using a cheap, sustainable, and nontoxic solvent.
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    Extraction of aromatic hydrocarbons from pyrolysis gasoline using tetrathiocyanatocobaltate-based ionic liquids: Experimental study and simulation
    (Fuel Processing Technology, 2017) Larriba Martínez, Marcos; Navarro, Pablo; Delgado Mellado, Noemí; Stanisci, Victor; García González, Julián; Rodríguez Somolinos, Francisco
    The pyrolysis gasoline is one of the main sources of aromatic hydrocarbons as a result of their high content in these compounds. Organic solvents such as sulfolane are currently employed in the extraction of aromatic but the ionic liquids (ILs) have been recently proposed as potential replacement. In this work, we have studied the use of the bis(1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium) tetrathiocyanatocobaltate ([emim]2[Co(SCN)4]) and bis(1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium) tetrathiocyanatocobaltate ([bmim]2[Co(SCN)4]) ILs in the extraction of aromatic hydrocarbons from pyrolysis gasoline. The extractive properties of both tetrathiocyanatocobaltate-based ILs were compared to those of other promising ILs and sulfolane, showing the highest values. To perform the simulation of the whole process, we have experimentally studied the liquid-liquid extraction of aromatics from pyrolysis gasoline and the recovery of the extracted hydrocarbons from the ILs. In addition, a thermophysical characterization of the ionic solvents was performed measuring their densities, viscosities, thermal stabilities, maximum operation temperatures, and specific heats. Employing the experimental data, the extractor was simulated using the Kremser equation whereas the recovery section formed by flash distillation units was simulated using a new algorithm specifically design to the case of a high concentration of non-volatile compounds.