Person:
Calvo Garrido, María Lourdes

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First Name
María Lourdes
Last Name
Calvo Garrido
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/76255
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Ciencias Químicas
Department
Ingeniería Química y de Materiales
Area
Ingeniería Química
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2018 - 201932020 - 20211
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Item Type: Publication × Subject: 66 ×

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Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
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    Teaching supercritical fluid fractionation using Aspen-Plus
    (Nuevos desafíos en la enseñanza superior, 2018) Prieto, Cristina; Calvo Garrido, María Lourdes; Calvo Garrido, María Lourdes; Membiela, Pedro ; Casado, Natalia; Cebreiros, María Isabel; Vida, Manuel
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    Enzymatic Production of Biodiesel From Alperujo Oil in Supercritical CO2
    (The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2021) Quintana-Gómez, Laura; Ladero Galán, Miguel; Calvo Garrido, María Lourdes
    The synthesis of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) as biodiesel from alperujo oil was studied in scCO2 using a mixture of Novozym 435 and Lipozyme TL IM at 10% as a catalyst to enhance the productivity. The reaction performance was investigated at different temperatures (40–60 °C), reaction times (1–48 h) and with a mixture of methylating agents in molar ratios of oil:methanol:methyl acetate from 1:0:40 to 1:5:35. Conversion of triglycerides achieved values up to 96% at>50 °C and reaction times of 24 h with FAMEs yields of over 90%. The presence of methyl acetate and the use of scCO2 as solvent improved the oil conversion and FAMEs yield in comparison with other works. The residual activity of the enzymes dropped at high reaction temperatures (>40 °C), reaction times (>1 h) and if the molar oil: methanol ratio was increased from 1:1 to 1:2 or higher.
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    Astaxanthin encapsulation in ethyl cellulose carriers by continuous supercritical emulsions extraction: A study on particle size, encapsulation efficiency, release profile and antioxidant activity
    (Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 2019) Tirado, Diego ; Palazzo, Ida; Scognamiglio, Mariarosa; Calvo Garrido, María Lourdes; Della Porta, Giovanna; Reverchon, Ernesto
    Supercritical emulsions extraction (SEE)technology was used to encapsulate astaxanthin (AXT)in ethyl cellulose (EC). The operating parameters were 8 MPa and 311 K with an L/G ratio of 0.1 (CO2 flow rate of 1.4 kg/h). Several emulsion formulations were tested, fixing the oil-water ratio at 20:80 (ethyl acetate/water)and varying EC concentration in the oily phase from 1.0–2.5% mass and the surfactant amount in the water phase from 0.1 to 0.6% mass. Both parameters influenced carriers morphology, size and distribution; a correlation between the EC amount in oily phase and its dynamic viscosity was proposed to explain the droplets/carriers size variation observed. Carriers aggregation was monitored at surfactant concentration higher than 0.3% mass. The best emulsion formulation was obtained using 1.0% mass of EC in the oily phase and 0.1% mass of surfactant in the water phase; in these conditions spherical nanocarriers with unwrinkled and smooth surface were obtained with a size of 242 nm and Poly Dispersity Index of 0.16. EC mass recovery was of 90%. Higher carrier mean size of 363 nm (Poly Disperity Index of 0.31)was measured when AXT was encapsulated in the same conditions, achieving an encapsulation efficiency of 84%. The carriers were loaded with 21 mg/g of AXT and showed an excellent antioxidant capacity, measured as Trolox equivalent (Trolox equivalent per kg of pure AXT), and equivalent to 3900 M Trolox. In vitro release profiles obtained in a simulated intestinal fluid (SIF)at pH 7.2 and 310 K, showed a release of 70% of the total encapsulated AXT after 10 h.
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    The Selective Supercritical Extraction of High-value Fatty Acids from Tetraselmis suecica using the Hansen Solubility Theory
    (Chemical Engineering Transactions, 2019) Tirado, Diego ; Rousset, Amandine; Calvo Garrido, María Lourdes
    The aim of this work was to test the utility of the Hansen theory to predict the best cosolvent for supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2) to reach the selective extraction of fatty acids from Tetraselmis suecica. The order in the cosolvent power was established with five organic solvents used in food production: acetone, diethyl ether, ethanol, n-hexane and methanol. Predictions focused on the selective extraction of oleic, linoleic and α-linolenic acid. The cosolvent power depended on the fatty acid, but in general, the best cosolvent for the three target compounds was ethanol. Predictions were validated through equilibrium data and extraction yields from T. suecica. Operating at 305.15 K and 20 MPa, the extracted oil with the sc-CO2-ethanol (5 % mass fraction) mixture significantly improved the content of the target fatty acids compared with pure sc-CO2; e.g. the α-linolenic acid content was 16 % in the oil obtained with pure sc-CO2 while it was 25 % in the oil obtained with sc-CO2 + 5 % ethanol. However, the Hansen theory predicted that the miscibility enhancement of the fatty acids caused by increasing ethanol concentrations in the supercritical solvent mixture was not progressive. In fact, at high pressures and high ethanol concentrations, it was predicted up to less than half the miscibility enhancement.